80 C. A. Goessmann on the Chemistry of Brines. 
itive salt formation; consequently any investigation of their 
changes promised some chance of obtaining information con- 
cerning the nature and extent of the various causes assigned for 
the existing differences in the chemical composition of the oveanie 
waters and the saline deposits of earlier and recent date. 
Taking this view I intend to treat, in the following pages, of 
some changes, which the brines in question and those of similar 
composition* may suffer in regard to their chemical composition, 
adopting the following order : 
~~ changes in consequence of concentration ; ee chan- 
ges due to an access of carbonate of magnesia in prese of free 
carbonic acid, concluding with some generalizations. 
. Changes in composition due to concentration.—The brines 
in question c contain from 16 to 17 per cent of saline matter; they 
are clear, colorless, and highly charged with carbonic acid eas 
when they i issue from the wells; exposed to air they soon 
come turbid, deposit a small amount . — peroxyd of iron 
and after some time become clear a 
A separation of gypsum and, ne son arinie conditions, of car- 
bonate of ian also takes place subsequently, first as an incrusta- 
tion on the sides of the vessels, — ward, particularly toward 
the point of saturation, as a film f crystals, partly Sarre 
upon the surface, partly floating anit the bottom. No furth 
sie changes, aside from the i Increasing separation of chiorid 
of sodium and gypsum, are noticeable for some time until the 
or practically ceases. 
following analytical statements may convey some idea 
of the changes within the — during the process of concentra- 
tion at ordinary — 
II. ve 
Sulphate oBrrs 04110 01146 00304 00264 
Chlorid of calcium, 01533 0°2487 26959 73420 10-4690 
Chlorid of magnesium, 0°2343 2°7513 6°2926 10°5020 
Chlorid of ium, 0-0119 06-8177 undet 33769 
Bromid of ium, 24 00039 det o 
Jodine, ete, = traces undet, : o 
Carbonic acid, undet. “ “ “ Sos 
Chlorid of sodium,  15°5317 + -25°7389 «201006 += 10-0901 -~S «7441 
Carb. of protox. of iron, 0-0044 asi undet, undet. undet. 
. 33 18-4 seer 
pe. a ee examinations being designed merely to answer 
- oe siren vor not, as a general rule, carried out farther 
an is 
his c ‘feat ai 
class lon are stl adlaptable foi purposes ; 
frat the present day to rerrse simpy is order for there chemin might pe 
our present information, but little ( ee Gt tae coe eee clon 
manufacture of Solar Salt, ete. seth guna ie aoc 
