84 C. A. Goessmann on the Chemistry of Brines. 
have been before indicated. Our brines contain both chlorid of 
calcium and sulphate of lime, and are highly charged with free 
carbonic acid; they are thus liable to undergo alterations in 
both the directions mentione 
The circumstances under which these two reactions take place 
leave it somewhat doubtful to which particular reaction the re 
moval of the chlorid of calcium may be ascribed, whether toa 
mere substitution of the calcium of the chlorid of calcium by 
magnesium, or indirectly to the decomposition of the sulphate 
of lime into sulphate of soda, carbonate of lime and chlorid of — 
magnesium; and the subsequent reaction of the sulphate of so} 
da thus formed, upon the chlorid of calcium, reproducing there 
by again sulphate of lime and chlorid of sodium, previously de — 
composed. Whatever the order or the extent of either of these 
in either case the final roducts; and as carbonate of lime rap- 
idly separates (settling), in the case of more saturated solutions, 
an addition of chlorid of magnesium* equivalent to the amoun 
of chlorid of calcium removed, remains practically the only ma- 
terial ether of the brine. Quite different are the finalre 
sults, so soon as the accessible carbonate of magnesia begins to © 
ett’ ¢ the chemical equivalent of the chlorid of calcium; for — 
by the aid of free carbonic acid+ the sulphate of lime will be 
posed and thus on account of the presence of chloridof 
sodium, “thes additional amount of the carbonate oF magnesia 
will produce a corresponding amount of sulphate of soda, chlo 
rid of eapnceistin and carbonate of lime, which compounds re- 
main intact; these changes may thus continue until all the sul- 
phate of lime has been decomposed. The amount of sulphate 
of soda, ete., liable to be produced by the Nr reaction, — 
ah ® apparently entirely upon the supply of both, i. e., cat- 
esia and sulphate of lime. os 
cr rear ot ocr a more striking I will illustrate them 
tements : ‘ 
_— 
been noticed; the Pica Occurs as is an race i. ‘requen Brines from 
ssiy ontaining no chlorid 
