216 Scientific Intelligence. 
the geological work of the era was so widely different in its most 
prominent features from that of the Tertiary and preceding ages, 
that an independent term, mung no special relation to the Ter- 
UArys was desirable; and such is Quaternary. 
eged Fruits of the Carboniferous genus Cardiocar- 
Th ardiocarpus was probably related to the modern 
Conifers of the Welwitschia type, as shown by the similarity of 
the fruit and also by the close relation of the leaves, if those 
called Cordaites belong, as both Geinitz and Ne ewberry ha have in- 
sepeneany remarked, to ag sguctoe apc a Welwitschia is an 
embryonic form of Co nifer, it produc o leaves except the 
eotyledonons; but, dines srobally unlike. Cordaites | in its embry- 
c features, it show what leaves and frait are consistent with 
aa aa of Conif a anas Manual of Geology, pp. 328, 330. 
l of the Carboniferous era not made of ba rk,—The e sug- 
gestio m has been made, in view of the many Sigillaria stumps 
hollowed out by decay and daticned stems of other trees, found 
in the Coal-measures, filled — shale or sandstone, that the 
Peak debris from which the coal has eye was largely 
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cortical re of Lepidodenaria (under which ete the ois made 
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acta ving and Equi és. 5 Hae et that even looks like 
formations, changed, a the interior, completely to brown 
coal or lignite. — 
NaQ CaO MgO poe Mn*o* Al?0° po® so* siv? Cl 
2°68 4°13 5°89 6-0 2 29°90. 7-30 $56 13-01. -s 
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5°64 2°81 1°60 ft. ft. 2°60 1:6012°55 2°06 
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