Champlain eras in New England. 209 
to the northward. The special facts on this point need not be 
here repeated. 
. The sinking of the water level in the ocean over the 
world during the Glacial era by the loss of water to make ice 
cannot be estimated, because we know very little of the amount 
ofice. Hygrometric laws, alluded to on page 206, appear to in- 
dicate that the amount of ice did not increase to the northward 
over the interior of the continent. The southern line of the 
glacier which was near the parallel of 39° along the Ohio region 
must have made a very long bend northward between the 
meridians of 98° W. and 108° W. The marks of the incoming 
tide in deposits of the New Haven region, above mentioned, and 
in the overlying beds of the river floods that supervened, appear 
to show, in connection with the present height of the deposits, 
that during the closing part of the melting of the glacier, in the 
early part of the Champlain era, the water-level along the coast 
was not far from forty-five feet above the present line, instead 
of below tt. 
whole continent. The ice moving over a rocky hill or ledge, 
where were detached blocks, and where others were becoming 
loosened with the passing centuries, would have gathered up 
known by Dr, Stephen Reed; generally broader, less-defined 
bands. * The unstratified drift is actually made up mainly of 
such trains. But, commonly, the different trains are blended 
together, and are traceable only with difficulty ; while, at times, 
they make a straight line to the ledge from which they were 
derived. These trains are properly moraines, but they are 
under-glacier moraines, not lateral. If lateral moraines were 
made during the early stages of progress of the great glacier, 
they must have been obliterated by its later general movement 
“The valley hroughout a high terrace 
€ valleys of New England have throughout a high te1 
along their aie: but Damaaae is very generally stratified, 
and therefore is the result of deposition from waters that once 
flooded the valleys. They are, in fact, as has been ‘explained, 
the upper part of the Champlain formation 
the glacier in the opening part of the Champ! 
White Moun- 
tains by Dr. A. S. Packard and also by Prof. Agassiz. But 
