384 L. Lesquereur on the Coal Formations of N. America. 
marshes of the carboniferous epoch were surrounded by land- 
bearing plants of different kind than those living on the bogs is 
the presence in coal No, 1B and in the sandstone underlying it 
of a great number of fruits of different species which by their 
nature have no relation to any of the other remains preserved in 
the coal. They have been generally referred to species or Cor- 
daites. But the two only species of our coal measures are found 
in abundance at geological horizons where the fruits are entirely 
absent. And even at coal No. 1B shales appearing entirely com- 
posed of heaped remains of leaves of Cordattes borassifolia do not 
contain any fruit. The species of fruit, Carpolithes Cordai Gein., 
referred by M. Geinitz to Cordaites borassifolia, our most common 
and omnipresent species, has not been found in the coal measures 
of America. Therefore, either the fruits of unknown relation, 
Carpolithes, Trigonocarpa and Rhabdocarpos* belong to vegetable 
species which have grown on the marshes, and of which the re- 
mains, leaves and stems, have been entirely obliterated or those 
self in sandstone, exposed any remains of plants of another type 
than those belonging to the true coal formation. ~Even where t 
tion contained only a few species different from those living 08 
the marshes. But this last opinion is merely hypothetical. 
[To be continued. | 
'* I consider the Cardiocarpa as the fruits of Asterophyllites and probably . 
some species of Calamites. 
+ Introduction to the fossil flora of Pennsylvania, Geol. Rep. of Penn. P. sai. 
