Geology and Natural History. 65 
Book second is wholly devoted to special morphology and out- 
lines of classification. The former is based on excellent abstracts 
of monographs and is most serviceable. The “outlines” are of 
little use to our botanists except as an illustration of what 
bo 
Book Secon wit . D. Hooker’s appendix to the ‘nglish 
translation of De Mocnia and De Caisne’s work. The former is 
y a physiologist, the latter by a morphologist. “Vegetable Phys- 
iology is given in Book Third. The excellence of this digest is 
apparent on a hasty perusal. It becomes more obeienis when the 
book is used with advanced students as a hand-book in daily 
work. From constant use of the German and French versions in 
mented by the Experimental Physiology of the same author, the 
laboratory is well equipped. Vegetable Physiology is treated of 
under the following hcedes olecular forces in the plant ; Chemical 
processes in the plant; General conditions of plant-life ; the Mechan- 
ical laws of growth; Periodic movements of the mature parts of 
coon, and movements dependent on irritation; the Phenomena 
of sexual reproduction; the Origin of species. in addition to the 
It is a gre 
commend this volume, most iauehabes as a good i - oes 
lap rege hand-book to advanced botanical students 
15, Y Abwehr der Schwendener-Bornet schen ladies 
(Contribution to a refutation of the Schwendener-Bornet Lichen 
th ears _ Dr. G. W. Korrsrr. 30 PP. 8vo, Breslau, 1674.—In 
me considerable currency, that Lichens are a compound of an 
— (the gonidia) and a Fungus (the hyp os He maintains, first, 
at th i imi 7 4 
can be explained. Sasi: he Fang that he Scilla’ of 
Lichens are not Alge, bevause: 1, in true Alge the gonidia never 
produce hyphw, while this is of common occurrence in the spores 
of Lichens; 2, that if the contrary were true, it is strange that in 
every Lichen several types of Algz are necessary for the production 
Am. Jour. Sct.—Tutrp Sertss, Vor. X, No. 55.—JuLy, 1875, 
5 
