208 ; Scientific Intelligence. 
movement that might en from the tides setting in by the south 
and the northeast, so that the necessities of the iceberg theory 
but the waters bearin g them must have been fresh wate ers—vit., 
those of the much ‘expanded Great Lakes, and those of the flood 
(first appealed to oe this connection by Prof, Hilgard) which pro- 
ceeded from the melting continental glacier over “the vast funnel 
shaped Mississippi iter aching from the ee on the 
east to the far distant Rocky Mountains on the w 
In a geological paper on the New Haven region » (Connecti) 
recently piiblished by the writer, it is stated that the Champlain 
beds of sand and gravel which underlie the plain about the bay, 
show, by the character of the stratification, that they were deposi- 
these tipper twenty feet nearly to the top bear unquestionable eve 
dence of ne tet by the outflowing flooded river. This 
: ow ocean ahs ng the Champlain era. 
Some of the Results of the Latest Researches in the Water of 
dhe ‘Atlantic and Mediterranean.—These results, as set forth in 4 
lecture by Dr. Wm. CarPEeNTER, before the Royal ince 
are fattes > as follow 
1.) The waters ‘of ‘the Atlantic between Falmouth and Lisboa 
are most salt and dense at the surface, as first observed by Forel 
hammer. The specific gravity ranged from 1°0269 to 1°0268, the 
by volumetric etic averaged at surface 19°94, at bottom 19° 7 
intermediate region 19°85. The maximum at surface was 20° 
In waters taken on ais same vertical line the chlorine was at st 
face 20°013, at 10 to 50 fathoms 19-909, at 100 f. 19°805. er 
excess of saltness at surface is attributed to evaporation. But a 
consequent aie density is ae to be neutralized by * 
effects of colder temperature belo at . 
(2.) The saltness in the Moditerrdtiean ' is greatest below pe a 
face. In the shallower parts, it is greatest at bottom In “ 
shallower parts of the western basin (which basin includes all ‘a 
od Malta, ara a at non fe fe rosses the sea, and which 5% 
pa “at 
c gravit ity ‘08 chlorine at surface were 1°0278 and 20°87; at et! 
tom 1°0285 and 21°38. But the salinity does not increase wit pr 
be An average of results shows that at 200 to 400 ie : 
onde 38 ific gravity and chlorine were 1-0287 and 21°53; at 4 a 
800 hom, 1-085, “i a at 1,300 to 1,700 f., 1°0283, 21 ‘21. . 
increase 0 boca ie me distance downward is attributed to * 
