+ H, Gillman—Indian Mounds in Michagan. 
nothing of the character of the mound, though they remember 
that, many years ago, it was covered with a large forest growth. 
Mound’ No. 2, which les two hundred feet northwest of 
Mound No. 1, is over five hundred feet in length by from one 
hundred to one hundred and fifty feet wide; and of the gene- 
ral height of twelve feet above the level of the St. Clair River. 
It is bounded on the north by a small stream known as 
MeNeil’s Creek, which also runs southwardly all along its east- 
ern slope, as well as a part of the south end of-the mound. 
The ordinary observer will scarcely fail to notice that this 
mound is something more than the work of nature. Its sides 
have a graceful, gradual slope, with the exception of the side 
fronting the river, which is abrupt and terrace-like, even where 
not washed by the creek. Between the creek and the River 
St. Clair is some low lands with ponds, where are a few outlying 
mounds, small and of slight elevation. About two hundred 
feet of the south end of Mound No. 2 is clear of trees, except 
on the sides, and is covered with a smooth green turf. Exca- 
vations were made in a number of places, showing that this 
entire end of the mound was covered with a solid crust of black 
ashes from eighteen inches to two feet thick. So hard and solid 
was this crust that layers of it in large pieces several inches 
square and thick were taken up unbroken. Fragments of pot- 
tery showing a great variety of patterns, bones of animals, 
birds and fishes (some of the larger bones evidently smashed), 
flint flakes and chips, with stone implements, consisting prin- 
cipally of arrowheads, hammers and sinkers, were found inter- 
mixed with the ashes. The abundance of the sinkers and par- 
ticularly of the broken hammers is a remarkable feature. 
Though such rude utensils, a selection from them is preserved, 
so as to give an idea of their character. I have not found 
elsewhere a similar condition of things, and believe that this 
shell deposit, however, makes a marked difference. I cannot 
find that those ancient inhabitants of this region had much 
recourse to shell-fish as an article of diet. The great abun- 
dance of fishes, and the ease with which they were captured, 
together with the multitude of land game, left them under no 
“tom - ness the inferior fresh-water mussels for food. - 
rom the large quan of pottery fragments and broken 
hammers, cineca sah ok thick bed of ashes covering so wide 
an area of this mound, I incline to think that this must have 
been a point where the manufacture of their pottery was carried 
on to an unusual extent. The broken hammers may be ac- 
