£. W. Fhilgard—Silt Analyses of Soils and Subsoils. 11 
209, 397, 219 and 178, are properly of the “ Yellow Loam” 
age, z. e., of the end of the Drift period ;* while 165 is one of 
the two chief varieties of soils occurring in the ‘‘ Flat Woods,” 
a level area bordering on the Cretaceous, and mostly character- 
ized by the occurrence of the Lower Tertiary clays near the sur- 
face. The light soil (165) occurs in irregular strips and patches ; 
it is very easily tilled at all times; all rain water is promptly 
absorbed ; but it is too “open,” droughty, and does not hold 
manure at all. 
o. 248 forms a stratum three feet thick, on the ridges east of 
Tallahoma Creek, Jasper County, Miss. By its disintegration, 
it forms a deep and extremely sandy soil, which is injured by 
high winds carrying away its finer parts. It has, however, 
yielded good crops of corn and cotton for fifteen years without 
manure, though liable to injury from drought.—Nos. 206 and 
209 are typical of the “ Pine Hill” region of South Mississippi, 
the home of the long-leaved pine. The soil is very “light” and 
easily tilled, but not nearly as “open” as the preceding two. 
t is materially improved by the admixture of the subsoil, No. 
; Which enables it to hold manure, being what would be 
even to the passer-by, are difficult to check, and are fast assum- 
ing the proportions of a public calamity. 4 
_, hese soils are easily tilled when in the proper condition, but 
if ploughed too wet are severely injured, hard clods remaining 
throughout the season. There readily forms on their surface a 
very hard crust (they “ bake”), so that the surface requires stir- 
on after every rain. 
No. 173 is the subsoil of the Cretaceous prairies of Northeastern 
sherag sa forming a stratum three to seven feet thick, overly- 
ae eens rock. Although, in the < acta 2 . 
‘ecounted a “heavy clay” soil, it possesses the peculiarity of — 
“dlaking” on drying, sisatandd ot forming a hard crust—uuless, 
* Miss, Rep., 1860, p. 197. . 
