188 A. W. Wright—Ozidation of Alcohol and Ether. 
action would be greatly facilitated by heat, which decomposes 
both ozone and hydrogen peroxide. If the reaction is less 
simple, and the alcohol molecule is broken up, we might ex- 
pect to obtain carbon di-oxide as one of the products. A spe- 
cial experiment with alcohol which was not heated, though 
continued for nearly two hours, showed that, if any, only a 
very small amount is eliminated. 
t may be observed that the proportion of alcohol in the 
third and fourth cases of Nos. 6 and 7, is not very different 
from that in the wines and other liquors used in the manufac- 
ture of vinegar. Although the pple of ozone for this 
purpose, by the methods followed in these experiments, would 
be neither practicable nor economical, it is not improbable that 
operations on a larger scale might give better results. Espe- 
cially in the German or “ quick” vinegar process, where a large 
surface is exposed, and a considerable rise of temperature is 
experienced, it is hardly doubtful that the process would be 
materially accelerated by passing ozonized air through the 
apparatus, and to accomplish this an ozonizer of moderate 
aa wail would be sufficient. 
xperiments similar to those above described were made 
with ether and ozone. The oxygen employed was dried by 
passing it through a wash-bottle containing strong sulphuric 
acid, and thence through a large U-tube filled with small frag- 
ments of pumice-stone freshly saturated with the concentrated 
acid. The oxygen, after passing from this through the ozonizer, 
was conveyed into a flask containing the ether, and bubble 
from the extremity of a glass tube immersed in the liquid. 
Energetic action at once took place. Each bubble of the gas 
gave a little cloud as it broke at the surface, and the liquid in 
a few minutes lost its transparency and became opalescent. 
This effect was caused by the production of a liquid not miscl- 
ble with the ether, and dispersed through it in very minute 
globules. After a time they gradually fell to the bottom of 
the flask, and coalesced, first into drops, and finally to a thin 
stratum of liquid. 
After the operation had been continued for an hour or more, 
the heavy liquid was examined, portions of it being removed 
with a thin glass tube. It was found to be strongly acid, and 
when tested, by neutralizing it with potash solution, evaporat- 
ing, and treating with dilute sulphuric acid, gave an unmistaka- 
ble odor of acetic acid. 
Tested with lime-water, and otherwise, the liquid gave 
evidence of the presence of a considerable proportion of oxalic 
acid, while its behavior with nitrate of silver and with ferric 
chloride indicated a small amount of formic acid. : 
A small quantity of manganese di-oxide was washed with 
distilled water and placed in a narrow test-tube. When @ 
