283 



have a wide distribution, and 5 of these extend to New 

 Zealand. These 16 species throw no light on the relationship 

 of the local fauna; 2 of them (Hieroxestis omoscopa and 

 Trichophaga tapetiella) are certainly introduced, and pos- 

 sibly this is true of some of the others. Nine species are 

 known to occur only in Lord Howe Island and Australia 

 (Daxypodia cymatodes, Dichromia quinqualis, Hypena sylpha, 

 Urolitha bipunctifera, Cleora inflexaria, Epicrocis sublig- 

 nalis, Scenedra decoratalis, Diplopseiistis periere sails, Hypo- 

 nomeuta paurodes), except that one of them (C . inflexaria) 

 extends also to New Guinea, and another (D. perieresalisf 

 also to New Zealand. 



Of the 13 endemic species 5 admit of no definite state- 

 ment of their geographical affinities. They are: — 



Xanthorhoe(l) aphanta Gracilaria, n. sp. 



Mecyna insulicola Erechthias(l), sp. 



Eretmobela, n. gen. et sp. 



There remain 8, which are clearly of Australian affinity-. 

 They are : — 



Jlema haploa, Macalla phoenopasta 



Calamidia pamphaea Elaeonoma phaeopusta 



Philenora eiiphileta Blast obasis episema 



Brachycola (?) microsticta Blast obasis dyssema 



The conclusion to be drawn is simple. Lord Howe Island 

 is in its lepidopterous fauna merely a detached and isolated 

 fragment of Australia. To this it is necessary to make one 

 qualification ; the relation is to that part of the Australian 

 fauna that has Indo-Malayan affinities, and not to that part 

 that is peculiarly and distinctively Australian. A glance at 

 the map will show that this conclusion might have been 

 expected. Lord Howe Island lies about 350 miles from the 

 Australian coast, nearly in the latitude of Port Macquarie, 

 and is not in such close relation to any other land. The 

 lepidopterous fauna, so far as known, shows no affinity to 

 that of New Zealand. 



Norfolk Island. 



Corrections and additions to former list: — 



Noctuidae — Delete Ariathisa, sp. (page 55), which was. 

 an erroneous determination, and substitute Perigea capensis, 

 Gn. One example. Common in the Eastern tropics. Has- 

 also been taken in the Kermadec Islands. 



Geometkidae — For Boarmia, n. sp. (page 55), substitute 

 Cleora, n. sp. 



