﻿212 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  upper 
  zone 
  of 
  red 
  shale 
  was 
  supposed 
  by 
  Sherwood 
  to 
  be 
  the~ 
  

   same 
  bed 
  as 
  the 
  one 
  of 
  red 
  and 
  green 
  shale 
  in 
  the 
  Kaaterskill 
  

   creek 
  above 
  the 
  upper 
  end 
  of 
  Palenville.^ 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  Geologic 
  map 
  of 
  New 
  York, 
  published 
  in 
  1844, 
  the- 
  top 
  of 
  

   the 
  Chemung 
  rocks 
  was 
  represented 
  as 
  crossing 
  the 
  Schoharie 
  

   river 
  at 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  Manorkill, 
  and 
  the 
  Chemung 
  was 
  suc- 
  

   ceeded 
  by 
  rocks 
  then 
  considered 
  Catskill. 
  The 
  rocks 
  in 
  the 
  

   vicinity 
  of 
  Gilboa, 
  specially 
  at 
  the 
  Manorkill 
  were 
  quite 
  well 
  

   described 
  by 
  Emmons 
  who 
  correlated 
  them 
  with 
  coarse 
  sand- 
  

   stone 
  found 
  near 
  Mt 
  Upton 
  and 
  now 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Oneonta 
  sand- 
  

   stone. 
  The 
  rocks 
  at 
  the 
  Manorkill 
  and 
  vicinity 
  succeeding 
  those 
  

   in 
  the 
  more 
  immediate 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  Gilboa 
  were 
  described 
  

   as 
  follows 
  by 
  Emmons, 
  "An 
  undefined 
  mass 
  of 
  gray 
  sandstone 
  

   succeeds, 
  which 
  contains 
  land 
  vegetables, 
  and, 
  at 
  the 
  Manorkill 
  

   falls, 
  one 
  mile 
  above 
  the 
  village, 
  also 
  contains 
  numerous 
  fossils, 
  

   among 
  which 
  are 
  several 
  Gypricardia 
  two 
  species 
  of 
  Solen 
  and 
  

   what 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  Terebratula 
  lepida. 
  The 
  rocks 
  are 
  coarse 
  

   grits 
  at 
  the 
  falls, 
  with 
  some 
  layers 
  of 
  green 
  tough 
  shale, 
  in 
  which 
  

   are 
  contained 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  Gypricardia. 
  The 
  tough, 
  lumpy 
  char- 
  

   acter 
  of 
  this 
  shale 
  is 
  a 
  great 
  inconvenience 
  to 
  the 
  collector 
  of 
  

   fossils. 
  Above 
  the 
  Manorkill 
  falls, 
  the 
  red 
  marl 
  or 
  slate 
  is 
  many 
  

   feet 
  thick. 
  This 
  is 
  succeeded 
  by 
  the 
  greenish 
  and 
  coarse 
  sand- 
  

   stone 
  shales 
  alternating 
  for 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  hundred 
  feet, 
  and 
  appearing 
  

   in 
  high 
  and 
  steep 
  escarpments 
  on 
  the 
  mountain 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  north 
  

   of 
  the 
  kill; 
  the 
  rock 
  contains 
  a 
  few 
  Gypricardia. 
  The 
  whole 
  series 
  

   is 
  fossiliferous; 
  more 
  so, 
  we 
  think, 
  than 
  what 
  appears 
  upon 
  a 
  

   cursory 
  examination, 
  principally 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  coarseness 
  of 
  

   the 
  grits 
  and 
  the 
  unfavorable 
  state 
  of 
  the 
  stratification. 
  The 
  

   beds 
  at 
  and 
  immediately 
  above 
  the 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  creek 
  near 
  the 
  

   village 
  are 
  destitute 
  of 
  animal 
  remains, 
  or 
  at 
  least 
  we 
  did 
  not 
  

   succeed 
  in 
  finding 
  any. 
  Now 
  the 
  stratum 
  which 
  contains 
  vege- 
  

   tables 
  at 
  other 
  places 
  contains 
  also 
  Gypricardia. 
  In 
  this 
  stratum, 
  

   many 
  fragments 
  of 
  stems 
  and 
  long 
  leaves 
  are 
  preserved, 
  but 
  

   crushed, 
  and 
  so 
  broken 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  worthless 
  as 
  cabinet 
  speci- 
  

   mens, 
  yet 
  the 
  stratum 
  itself 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  guide 
  for 
  the 
  rock. 
  It 
  is 
  

  

  a 
  Proc. 
  Amer. 
  philosophical 
  society, 
  17: 
  347. 
  

  

  