14 PKOP. T. G. BONNET AND KEY. E. HILL ON THE [Feb. I9OI, 



inaccessible we merely note the fact as significant. The second 

 descent of Drift to the beach, at a rough estimate, is 400 yards 

 south of the Kieler Bach ; a third comes, perhaps, in another 300 

 y«,rds, followed after an interval by a fourth. The Drifts descend 

 the cliffs obliquely ; in the second and third sections they seem to be 

 interstratified with the Chalk, but in the fourth some reddish sand 

 appears (it is rather masked b)^ slip) over part of that rock and the 

 upper clay, while at the top of the cliff the whitish boulder-clay 

 extends over the whole. In all these sections, the lower boulder- 

 clay is fairly constant in thickness, some 18 or 20 feet ; so also is 

 the sand (perhaps 15 feet), which exhibits progressive changes 

 upward, showing in two instances at least a seam of gravel at the 

 bottom only ; but the upper clay in two sections is much thinner 

 (not much over a third), and in one considerably thicker than the 

 lower clay. It is therefore impossible to consider that these deposits 

 are doubled up. But another grave difficulty exists, which appa- 

 rently has not struck those who support this hypothesis. The 

 folding, as we can see, must have occurred immediately after the 

 deposit of the older Drifts, which then must have consisted, not of 

 clay, sand, and clay, but of one clay followed by sand. Even if we 

 suppose these to have been frozen, they must have adhered with 

 singular persistency to the Chalk to permit of the beds, shown in 

 the first diagram (fig. 8), being doubled up so neatly (like a closed 

 book) as in the second (fig. 9). 



Certain of these sections, pigg. 8 & 9.— Diagrammatic sections 

 at first sight, seem favour- to illustrate the ' folding hypothesis: 



able to the hypothesis of showing the relations of the Chalk 

 faulting. But it also pre- (a) and the Drift (b, c) before and 

 sents serious difficulties, after the doubling -up. 



some of which we men- 

 tioned in our former paper, 

 while others came out more 

 strongly during our revision. 

 The gravest of these is of a 



general character. As stated yc/^'cc 'Jb 



above, we are justified in ' ' ~' 



assuming the Drift to have 

 formerly rested upon the 

 Chalk in a nearly horizontal 

 position. Why, then, do 

 the members of this Drift 



plunge, as a rule, so sharply and suddenly towards the fault-plane 

 on its downthrow side ? The appended diagram (fig. 10, p. 15) will 

 suffice to show the abnormality of the arrangement.^ 



^ Of course, the difficulty may be got over by making the faults revei'sed (as 

 is done by Dr. R. Credner at the Kieler Bach), but for this we can find no 

 evidence. [We may refer here to a difficulty raised by a friend after this paper 

 had been read : namely, that as the flint-bands exposed in the cliff appeared 

 generally to have a southerly dip, the Chalk must be extraordinarily thick. 

 But we pointed out in our former paper (p. 306) that the folds in that rock 





