Vol. 57.] THE DEIFTS OP THE BALTIC COAST OE GEKMANY. 5 



generally well rounded, which are seldom larger, and usually smaller, 

 than a pigeon's egg : these seemed to us more local in distribu- 

 tion, and to be a little less common in the higher part of the clay. 

 (6) Flint : this is less abundant, the fragments varying from fairly 

 rounded to practically unworn; usually they are small, but now 

 and then a block a few inches across may occur, (c) ' Scandinavian ' 

 rocks, chiefly crystalline and rather dominating in bulk over the 

 flint : these vary in size from a coarse grit to stones, generally 

 well-rounded, of considerable size, specimens some inches in diameter 

 not being rare. We saw two or three boulders of large size actually 

 embedded in the clay, and blocks ranging from 2 to 4 feet across 

 are numerous on the beach. Some of these are smoothed on one 

 side and retain well-marked striations, while a few are facetted. AVe 

 observed also in the clay two or three boulder-like masses of a rather 

 fine, stratified, clayey gravel, containing numerous small pebbles of 

 chalk with some flint and ^ Scandinavian ' rocks ; possibly also one 

 or two similar masses of sand. This lower clay often reminded us 

 of the Cromer Till and the lowest of the clay-beds m Holderness ; 

 occasionally also of parts of the Chalky Boulder-clay in East A.nglia. 



The upper clay does not differ materially from the lower, so far as 

 the stones are concerned, but its matrix is browner and is more apt 

 to become locally sandy. 



The lower clay ^ and the sandy band rise gently eastward, and the 

 latter after a time can be no longer distinguished ; but even then 

 the clay in the upper part of the cliffs appears to be more sandy 

 than that in the lower, which maintains a generally uniform 

 character. 



This description holds good till we have passed another opening, 

 and are rather more than a league from Warnemiinde. Here the 

 cliffs reach their greatest elevation, and the somewhat monotonous 

 uniformity of the sections is locally interrupted by the presence of 

 sandy material, forming slight recesses and occasionally little valleys. 

 The first of these occurs some 150 yards west of the end of the 

 low wood, perhaps | league long, which covers this part of the 

 upland — called Stolteraa ; another is just under the end ; and they 

 are found at intervals — being about ten in all — over a distance 

 of rather more than 1| miles. (See figs. 1-3, p. 4.) In the 

 intervals the cliff generally is formed of boulder-clay, its lower and 

 larger part being of that described above as the lower one ; but the 

 upper 10 feet or so show a more sandy variety, corresponding better 

 with the upper clay farther west. The top of this clay (1) on each 

 side of a recess descends at an angle of some 25°. Above it, with 

 apparent conformity, comes a false-bedded yellowish sand, 4 or 5 feet 

 thick (2) ; and above this again is another clay (3), also stony, but a 

 little yellower and more sandy than that below. This is overlain 

 by a mass (4) of stratified sand with more clayey layers, which fills 

 the greater part of the trough, and is usually much contorted. 



^ We occasionally saw the lower clay exposed on the beach in shallow water ; 

 and it was disclosed less than a mile from vVarnemiinde, iu a cutting made for 

 the foundation of a groyne. 



