Vol. 57.] UPPER GEEElfSAND AND CHLORITIC MARL OF WILTSHTEB, 99 



about 680 feet, so that its base is probably at or near that level. 

 The summit of the hill by Alfred's Tower is 854 feet, but as there 

 is some thickness of chert-rubble here, the combined thickness of 

 Malmstone and sand is not likely to be more than 160 feet and is 

 possibly less. 



At the north-eastern end of Kings Wood Warren, west of 

 Kilmington, are two spring-heads in both of which Malmstone is 

 exposed, resting upon a greenish micaceous clay (Gault). The water 

 from these springs supplies the town of Brutou, and the level from 

 which they rise is about 660 feet. The high ground north-west of 

 them rises to over 800 feet. 



Farther north, in West End Wood, are several springs at a 

 level of about 640 feet. Above them, on the 700-foot contour, is a 

 sand-pit showing about 30 feet of grey glauconitic sand, with 

 fragments of Neithea quadricostata ; but this sand may be part of a 

 slipped mass. Half a mile east of this, where three roads meet, is 

 a quarry showing the lower part of the Chert-Beds, broken up in 

 situ and overlain by 1 or 2 feet of red Clay-with-Mints ; the level 

 here is 778 feet, so that apparently there is not more than 130 feet 

 between the base of the Malmstone and the Chert-Beds, unless the 

 dip is here steeper. 



JS'orthward the ground rises to over 800 feet, and there is 

 another quarry in the Chert-Beds on the 800-foot contour-line ; 

 while down the slope to the westward in Witham Park Wood 

 there is a weak spring (at about 650 feet) showing bluish-grey 

 micaceous sandy clay, which we take to be the passage-bed from 

 Gault to Malmstone. Here again, allowing for dip, there is room 

 for about 140 feet of Malmstone and sand between the spring and 

 the base of the Chert-Beds. 



North of Maiden Bradley and a little north of Katesbench 

 Farm, Malmstone is exposed in the bank of a pond at a level of 

 between 560 and 570 feet ; about 3 feet of it is seen, and it has 

 yielded Ammonites rostratus, Pleuromya mandihula, and some other 

 fossils. 



Fossiliferous Malmstone is also exposed at several of the spring- 

 heads near Dunkerton cottages, in the valley north of Maiden 

 Bradley; and in 1899 the fall of a tree above the spring, 200 yards 

 north of the cottages, allowed the following succession to be seen : — 



Feet. 

 Fine yellowish micaceous sand, passing down into rubbly 



and sandy Malmstone 8 



Buff-coloured Malmstone, in blocks, with fossils 10 



Greenish sandy micaceous clay, full of water 2 to 3 



Dark-grey (nearly black) clay, seen for about 10 



Thence the outcrop runs northward through woodland to Wood- 

 house Farm, where there is a pond, and a spring which presumably 

 rises from the Malmstone. This is below the contour of 500 feet, 

 and there are other strong springs in Horningshamto the east- 

 ward, which are likewise below that level. Yet the ridge above 



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