102 MESSRS. JUKES-BEOWlfE AND SCALES ON THE [Feb. IQOI, 



We now proceed to describe tbe characters and contents of each 

 bed in detail. 



(1) Chloritic Marl. — This stratum exhibits the usual appear- 

 ance of Chloritic Marl in the Warminster district, where there is 

 always a gradual passage from Chalk-Marl to a marly glauconitic 

 sand. Only 2 feet of it are seen in the quarry ; the white chalky 

 matrix preponderates in bulk over the sandy constituents in the 

 upper 6 inches ; the central part is a greenish glauconitic marl ; 

 and in the lower 6 inches the material consists largely of quartz 

 and glauconite-grains. Still, even in the lower part, there are small 

 patches of very chalky matter, often lenticular in shape, and the 

 mass is rendered coherent by the same material. The quartz-grains 

 are mostly small, but large grains occur sporadically throughout. 



Broken fragments of dark-brown phosphate are scattered through 

 the whole of the 2 feet seen, with some phosphatic casts of fossils 

 and a few phosphatic nodules. Fossils with calcareous shells, such 

 as Plicatula inflata, are also common. These latter are clearly con- 

 temporaneous shells, while the phosphatic fossils may be derived, 

 though few of them are rolled. The sponge Stauronema Carteri, 

 so characteristic of Chloritic Marl, occurs throughout this bed. 



Many of the phosphatic casts are black, but near the base many 

 are brown, and some brown phosphatized shells occur like those in 

 the brown layer below. 



(2) The brown layer is only 5 or 6 inches thick, but is 

 nevertheless a very important band, as it contains a great variety 

 of fossils. Tlie upper 3 inches is a greyish-brown glauconitic 

 sand, containing small scattered lumps of phosphate and fossils ; 

 the lower 3 inches may be described as a conglomeratic layer of 

 fossils and small phosphatized calcareous concretions. 



There is no clear line of demarcation between this bed and the 

 overlying Chloritic Marl, and the brownish tint is a mere coloration 

 which has probably spread upward from the concretionary layer at 

 the base. The sand is rather fine, and is mixed with a certain 

 amount of chalky matter, which receives a green streak from the 

 glauconite when the sand is cut with a knife. The concretions in 

 the lower layer are mostly of a flattish oval shape, and have a 

 dark brown crust which seems to be phosphatic b^t is probably also 

 ferruginous. Their surface has a waterworn aspect, and is covered 

 with small attached 0strec8,Plicatulce,SerpiilcJe, andbryozoa, showing 

 that they lay for some time on the sea-floor before becoming embedded 

 in the sand which now surrounds them. Some of them are between 

 3 and 4 inches long by 2 inches in width. Internally they are 

 greyish, and of so fine a texture that even a lens does not disclose 

 definite sand-grains ; it shows, however, that the cementing matrix 

 is crystalline calcite, and that there are a few minute scattered grains 

 of glauconite. 



The interstices between these concretions are filled with brownish 

 sand, containing fossils in excellent preservation and all stained 

 brown, so that they can generally be distinguished from those of the 

 other beds in this quarry. In places the concretions, fossils, and 



