352 DE. W. HIND AND ME. J. A. HOWE ON THE [Aug. IQOTy 



limestones lie on very much about the same horizon as the Pendleside Lime- 

 stone ; but owing to the great contortions to which they have been subjected . . , 

 and the thick drift which conceals them in many places, it has not been found 

 practicable to map them, and they have been massed with the Shales-and-Lime- 

 stones,' 



There can be little or no doubt that these beds are the real 

 equivalents of the Pendleside Limestone, already much diminished 

 in thickness. 



Around the flanks of Longridge Pell, the Pendleside Group 

 is seen to be fairly well developed, occupying its proper position in 

 the sequence, although it does not form so well-marked a feature- 

 as on Pen die Hill. Speaking of this locality Phillips says that no 

 limestones appear ' so near to the Gritstone ' as in Pendle Hill, ^ 

 but several sections occur which show that the Pendleside Group 

 undoubtedly exists there in fair strength. Two exposures occur on 

 the farms occupied by Mr. Henry Mercer, which were once worked 

 as quarries. Here well-bedded dark limestones are seen, with 

 bands of shale. An extensive section is exposed in a quarry, now 

 at work immediately north of the Longridge and Clitheroe road, 

 three-quarters of a mile east of Thornley Hall. The beds were 

 originally seen in a small stream, and later a quarry was opened. 

 The beds here are much disturbed, but show a considerable thickness 

 of thinly-bedded limestones, with shaly partings which become 

 thicker and more frequent near the top of the series, and the upper 

 beds of limestone exhibit well-marked strings and nodules of chert. 

 Some of the characteristic fossils have been obtained here. Viewing 

 the beds from the road above the exposure it was seen that they 

 formed a definite feature, running parallel to the grits of Long- 

 ridge. The explanation of Phillips's remarks is doubtless to be 

 found in the more gentle slope of the Longridge Grits, 



The Longridge section is completed by the exposure of the 

 limestones and shales in the beck south and west of Thornley 

 Hall, and the mass of limestone which is exposed along the axis of 

 the syncline for some 2 miles, about midway between Chipping 

 and Longridge Pell. This mass has been extensively quarried, and 

 the beds are seen to dip north-westward and south-eastward. The 

 section exposed in the quarry is very similar to those seen near Bar- 

 noldswick, and in the railway-cutting 1 mile north of Eimmington. 

 The fossil Palceechmus sj)hcericus is common in both localities, and 

 beds crammed with large crinoid-joints form a marked feature 

 in each locality. Choneies papilionacea, Productus longispinuSy 

 Pr. semireticulatus, OrtJiis MicJielini, and other fossils also occur. 



At Black Hall and Cold Coats, about a mile west of the village of 

 Chipping, the black limestones of the Pendleside Group are seen 

 and quarried. Here, however, the officers of the Geological Survey 

 have not mapped the series. 



The quarry at Black Hall mentioned by Phillips (op. cit. p. 20) 

 is now disused, but shows the following section : — 



^ ' Geology of Yorkshire ' pt. ii (1836) p. 72. 



