^ol. 57.] PE^STDLESIBE GROUP AT PENDLE HILL, ETC. 353 



Feet. 

 Limestone 5 



Black jetty shales 2 



Limestone, with crinoidal debris 1:^ 



Shales, with large limestone-' bullions ' or lenticles ; 



Glyphioceras reticulafum a,T\(!i Posidoniella IcBvis ... 1 

 Shales weathering white at the edges, and numerous 



small black concretions 6^ 



J^odular limestone in irregular bands, with crinoid- 



fragments 2^ 



Shales, with irregular large ' bullions ' 15 



Limestone _. 12 



Black earthy shales. 



Masses of goniatites and shales with Posidoniella Icevis were obtained on the 

 old debris-heaps. Mr. G. C. Crick has determined the goniatites to be Glyphio- 

 ceras nitidum (?). The limestones are black or blue, and hard. Phillips 

 figured Goniatites ohtusus, G. impUcatus, G. vesica, G. serpent inus, and G. spir- 

 orhis from this locality.^ Mr. Crick retains all these species in his catalogue as 

 Glyphioceras obtusum, Gl. implicatum, Gl. vesica, Frolecanites serpeoitinus, and 

 Nomismoceras spirorbis. 



About half a mile west of Black Hall is Cold Coats Quarry. 

 Here beds of hard blue or dark limestones are worked for road-metal. 

 The workmen state that goniatites are not infrequent, but none 

 were obtained on our visit. A very interesting bed of black shale, 

 covered with hundreds of specimens of Posidonomya Becheri, was, 

 however, seen between two of the limestones. This species was 

 accompanied by Orthoceras sulcatum, as it is in the black limestone- 

 beds of Poolvash (Isle of Man). Some of the limestones contained 

 fragments of crinoids and shells. A crushed specimen of a small 

 species of Kliynchonella was also obtained from this quarry. 



In both the quarries just described the dip shows a secondary fold 

 with an axis parallel to the main one, for the beds are dipping 

 south-eastward. 



Thus between Longridge Fell and the grits of Saddle Fell is a 

 complete syncline, the beds reappearing on each side of the axis ; 

 and there can be no doubt that the beds of Black Hall and Cold 

 Coats represent the Pendieside Limestone, because of their strati- 

 graphical position, and more especially because of the peculiar and 

 characteristic fauna which they contain. 



On the west side of Waddington Fell a small dome of limestone 

 appears at Ashnot, as an inlier surrounded by shales. We are 

 satisfied, both by the appearance of the limestone and the character 

 of its fossils (which are abundant and well preserved), that it is a 

 representative of the Carboniferous Limestone of the Clitheroe type, 

 and not Pendieside Limestone as suggested by the Survey ofiicers. 

 They apparently had no hesitation about accepting the similar domes 

 of Withgill, the Sykes, and Hownham as Carboniferous Limestone. 

 Even of Ashnot, Mr. Tiddeman says: — 



' It bears a stronger resemblance to the Great Scar Limestone than any 

 other beds which I know in a like position.' ^ 



^ ' Geology of Yorkshire ' pt. ii. (1836) pp. 234 ct seqq. & pis. xix-xx. 

 2 Mem. Geol. Sury. 1875 ' Geol. Burnley Coalfield ' p. 19. 



