Vol.57.] 



PENDLESIBE GKOIJP AT PENDLE HILL, ETC, 



355 



Behind the inn at White well, on the east side of the road 

 leading towards Slaidburn, numerous small sections are exposed by 

 the streams in calcareous shales with thin limestones. The fauna 

 of these beds is remarkable for the number of lamellibranchs, 

 indicating, we think, sub-littoral conditions; the shales in the 

 Yorkshire Dales, Northumberland, and Scotland, which separate 

 the limestones, also contain faunas of a similar type. The following 

 fossils occur at Whitewell : — 



Fenestella sp. 

 Glauconome sp. 

 Retepora pluma. 

 Zaphrentis sp. 



* Ctenodonta l<svirostris. 



* Nuculana attenuata. 

 Frotoschizodus axiniformis. 



* Parallelodon semicostatus. 



* P. Geinitzi. 

 Edmondia laminata. 

 Modiola sp. 

 Pecten sp. 

 Pteronites angustatus. 



Spiriferina cristata. 

 Spirifcra trigonalis. 

 Sp. hisulcata. 

 Rhynchonella sp. 

 Prodtictm punctcdus. 

 Pr. semireticulatus. 

 Pr. aculeatm (?). 



* Chonetes Laguessiatia. 

 Orthis Michelini. 



* Glyphioccras spirale. 



'^ PliilUpsia Van der Grachtii. 

 Crinoid-stems. 



The species marked by an asterisk do not occur in the Car- 

 boniferous Limestone of the Midlands, and the fauna as a whole 

 indicates a marked change from that of the Productus-giganteus 

 zone below. The exact relation of the beds just described to 

 the top of the Carboniferous Limestone is not apparent, owing 

 to faulting ; but their relation to the grits above them can be easily 

 estimated. 



If the simple dissected anticline of Clitheroe be traced north- 

 ward, it is found to expand so that the central core is exposed over 

 a much wider tract of country, and to form secondary lateral folds. 

 The easternmost of these may be studied in numerous sections 

 between Barnoldswick and Thornton. 



The quarries at Rain Hall E.ock on the east and Gill Rock 

 on the west are in the same beds, and show the different limbs of 

 the anticlinal fold. In Rain Hall Quarry are seen a series of hard 

 blue limestones, well bedded, separated by well-developed beds and 

 masses of shale, dipping south-south-eastward at a high angle (50^ 

 to 75*^). Shales and limestones are fossiliferous, and yield the 

 following fauna : — 



Crinoid-stems, three species. 

 Palceechinus spharicus, plates and 



spines plentiful. 

 Productua semireticidatus. 

 Athyris planosulcata. 



Streptorhynchus crenistria. 

 Conocard'mm cdiforme. 

 Syrlngopora geniculata. 

 Zaphren t is En nisJcillen i. 



Some of the limestones are composed of crinoid-debris. The 

 arch of the dome is seen in the beck, north of St. James's Church. 

 Gill Rock Quarry gives the following section, dip 63°'5 west of 

 north: — 



