Vol. 57.] PENDLESIDE GROUP AT PENDLE HILL, ETC. 357 



It seems to us that the examination of the ground does not bear 

 out the mapping (of the 1-inch survey), but rather shows one long 

 central axis in the same beds from Park Head by Eaygill, Hawshaw, 

 and Bleara, the relations of the Bleara and Ha^vshaw beds being 

 complicated by faulting. West of Dale End village, on the south 

 bank of the stream, is a small section which shows 



Dark thinly-bedded limestone, 20 feet ; 

 Shales ; 



Eeddish-brown shales; 

 Calcareous shales ; 



dipping 70° south-eastward. Followed westward, the stream exposes 

 a considerable thickness of shale, which is faulted against thin black 

 shales. This series is certainly distinct from the Park Head Lime- 

 stone, and represents the Pendleside Group in this small basin. Other 

 evidence of these beds is obtained in streams on either side of the 

 valley. 



The district between Skipton and Bolton Abbey is much 

 disturbed, but certain sequences can l)e well made out. Here is the 

 central core of limestone, consisting of a high-pitched anticline of 

 thin and well-bedded limestones with the axis ranging east and 

 west, very slightly south and north, well seen in the great quarries 

 on Embsay, Skebeden, and Hambleton Quarry, near Bolton Abbey 

 railway-station. Eossils are rare, but those obtained are charac- 

 teristic of the Carboniferous Limestone. A brook-course, which 

 runs south-south-eastward from Gillhead, shows a series of shales 

 and two or three bands of thin limestone repeated by folding. 

 These limestones are seen again between Eastby and Embsay, a 

 brook giving a fair section from the grits to the anticlinal core of 

 limestone. There can be little doubt that these thin bands are the 

 representatives of the Pendleside Limestone. The axis of this fold 

 lies nearly in a direct line with that of the Lothersdale Yalley, and 

 both the folds are therefore probably due to the same series of 

 disturbances. 



A quarry at the point where the road from Draughton village 

 approaches the Bolton Abbey & Skipton Railway shows the thick 

 undivided limestone-series, overlain conformably by 12 feet of thin 

 limestones, shales, and sandstones, and above these 12 feet of 

 micaceous shales. A fine specimen of the spine of Ctenacantlius 

 tenuistriatus was obtained on our visit here, in the calcareous shales- 

 just above the mass of limestone. 



Portions of Sheets 60 and 61. 



We now pass to a very interesting tract of country, which lies in 

 the southern halves of Sheets 60 & 61 of the 1-inch Geological 

 Survey Map. In Sheet 60 the greater part of the area is mapped as 

 Yoredale Shale, with here and there a few sporadic patches of lime- 

 stone ; but examination of the ground and numerous small quarries 



