598 



SUBANTARCTlC ISLANDS OF NEW ZEALAND. [Introduced Animals. 



The following table shows details of ten examples from Musgrave Harbour, 

 Auckland Islands : — 





A. 



B. 



0. 



D. 



E. 



F. 



G. 



H. 



I. 



J. 



Total length (in millimetres) 



80 



86 



96 ; 79 



70 



63 



68-2 



68 



69-7 



77-8 



Length without caudal 



65 



69 



80 



65 



58 



51 



52 



54 



56 



63 



Rays in anterior dorsal 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



VI 



Rays in second dorsal 



21 + 16 



21+15 



21 + 1621 + 15 



21+15 



21+15 



21 + 15 



22+15 



21+16 



21+14 



Rays in anal 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



28 



Depth of body in length 



4-6 



4-0 



4-5 



4-6 



5-4 



4-8 



4-2 



4-5 



4-7 



4-8 



Length of head in length 



3-1 



31 



3-3 



3-0 



3-2- 



3-3 



2-8 



2-9 



2-9 



3-2 



Diameter of eye in length of 



4-8 



4-3 



4-3 



4-7 



3-8 



3-8 



4-0 



4-1 



4-0 



4-1 



head 























Interorbital width in length of 



9-1 



7-4 



7-0 



7-3 



9-0 



8-1 



9-0 



9-3 



9-0 



8-3 



head 























Scales in longitudinal series 



82 



86 



96 



79 



71 



62 



68 



66 



67 



75 



above lateral line 























Scales in a transverse series . . 



9+15 



10+15 



10+17 



8+16 



7+16 



7+14 



8+15 



8+16 



8+16 



8+16 



Tubular scales in lateral line 



21 + 19 



21 + 19 



21 + 20 



19+17 



18+16 



18+15 



19+15 



19+16 



19+16 



19+17 



INTRODUCED ANIMALS. 



The only animal introduced to the southern islands from a purely commercial 

 standpoint with success is the sheep, and the flocks thrive so well on Campbell 

 Island that four shepherds are stationed there, while in the wool season several 

 shearers take passage thither for the express purpose of gathering the fleeces. 



The introduction of other animals had a humanitarian rather than a utilitarian 

 object. These isolated islands have too often been the scene of terrible shipwrecks, 

 and in cases where life has been preserved the privations of the survivors make 

 terrible reading. The Government has sought to minimise the hardships inseparable 

 from the severe conditions by erecting huts, supplied with food and clothing, in several 

 places on each group of islands, while many domestic animals have been introduced 

 as additional sources of food. It was the unfortunate lot of the survivors of the 

 ill-fated " Dundonald," whom w^e had the good fortune to succour, to have been 

 wrecked upon Disappointment Island, one on which neither shelter nor introduced 

 food, living or dead, had been provided. 



I am indebted to Captain J. Bollons, of the " Hinemoa," for much information 

 on the subject lightly touched below, but I find I have little to add to the admirable 

 notice published by Dr. L. Cockayne,* in which he discusses the " Effect of Animals 

 upon the Vegetation of the Southern Islands." 



CATTLE. 



The cattle introduced on the Auckland Islands in 1850 were killed off by sealers. 

 The animals later placed on Rose Island and Enderby Island appear to have thriven, 



* Cockayne, Trans. N.Z. Inst., xxxvi, 1904, p. 297 et seq. 



