C. Whittlesey on the Water Level at Green Bay. 307 
of much greater size, such as the Baltic and the 
ranean, which connect directly with the ocean, only a 
small tide is observ I am not aware that.it has been noticed 
_ inthe Caspian and the Black Seas. On the open sea the rise 
_ and fall is slight, ranging from two to three feet only. 
The great vertical range of tides in our harbors on the coast 
arises from the configuration of the shore and the form of the 
ocean bed. The swell is augmented of necessity as it is driven 
_ into bays and inlets with converging shores and shallow water. 
At the mouth of the Bay of Fundy the tidal wave has thus 
i raised to 10 and 12 feet, and running into the bay it attains 
wheight of 830 and 40 and at spring tides of 60 feet. The con- 
tour of Green Bay is much the same. A swell of two inches at 
the Port des Morts when carried on and compressed between the 
‘wnverging shores should produce a rise of six or eight inches. 
Ithas been long known that on the western lakes there is a 
and water breeze occurring daily, as happens on the coast 
of the ocean. Its regularity may be disturbed by storms, but 
without these a breeze begins gently to draw off shore between 
“ven and eight in the evening, sufficient to take vessels out 
harbor, About ten in the morning following, the reverse is wit- 
_ ‘Mssed, In the cold months, a sluggish, but pra ae chilly, 
and. it 1s 
Sie 
ge ie ee oe gE St ee! Le re ee sees 
‘rent of air moves from the water towards the 1 
Seah of congestion of the skin, oppresses the lungs, pro- 
tlood torpor in the animal system, and increases the flow o 
Wi tothe head. The evening breeze has the opposite effect. 
the ut assuming, in the present state of the observations, that 
ik moon produces no perceptible effect on the waters of the 
kes, T offer some deductions that I think follow from the reg- 
a wet of Mr. Underwood, showing a direct connection between 
b Thos and the rise and fall at Green Bay. 
8 effect is complicated but may be philosophically ex- 
oe ned. land breeze commencing at the Port-des-Morts, 
oe In due time press the waters into the bay, more or less ac- 
: would its duration and force. A water or off-land breeze 
a depress the water, but owing to the form of the bay and 
| "a. the effect should be less in amount. These breezes are 
| : 
4 lake, Winds and gales that oceupy the whole surface of the 
3 C8865 the neowlar in their occurrence. They overcome in many 
ling oho BOF Currents that flow and reflow across the shore 
. ie y, to and from the land. These limited cur- 
‘ ty on the unequal heat of the day and of Bo su 
Rayo werful norther is raging on the lake, driving the 
_—"Vigator towards its southerly i where the chances of 
