230 Swedish North-Polar Expedition. 
usually rich in materials illustrative of the geological history 
of the extreme north. Innermost in the fjord are found im- 
mense beds of red clay-slate, and sandstone, probably Devonian, 
which, however, do not here contain fossils. On them lie 
strata of limestone, gypsum and flint, filled with large coarse- 
scaled mountain-limestone brachiopoda ; then come Z’rias beds, 
with large nautilus-forms and remains of saurians ; after these, 
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some on against these animals, two or 
thousand head are annually slaughtered. If we compare that 
__ * The first mountain-limestone petrifactions in Spitzbergen were found by Party 
in 1827 at Cape Fanshawe, and the same year by Keilhau at South Cape. Jura fos- 
sils were first discovered by Lovén in 1838; the tertiary plant-remains by Norden- 
strand in 1861; the Saurian strata by Nordenskiold in 
