Swedish North-Polar Expedition. 239 
degree of latitude ; so that the portion of our globe that is 
known to us has not been to any material amount increased by 
it. I hope, however, that it has afforded a by no means unim- 
portant contribution to the solution of the so-called Polar 
question. 
Tschitschagaff’s 1st expedition, 1765, which with their ship could reach only 
80° 21’ wn. lat. 
x 2nd < 1766, whichreached 80 28 ss 
Phipps « 1773, “ mw TF 
Buchan and Franklin’s “ 1818, - 80 34 ig 
Seoresby’s ‘“ 1806, “ 81 30 af 
Sabine and Clavering’s “ 1823, - 80 20 a 
Parry’s “ 1827, “ se SS oh hs 
Torell’s “ 1861, ‘“ about 80 30+ 6“ 
It might then have been considered as already absolutely deci- 
ed that it was not possible at that season of the year to penetrate 
very far into the Polar Basin, and any repetition at the above- 
named season of the year of these attempts could therefore 
only be looked upon as continually treading in old footsteps, 
which demonstrably do not lead to the intended object. But 
_ one doubt remained. At the season of the year when, in con- 
Sequence of the heat of the summer and the influence of the 
° 
* By ship, but on the ice the party penetrated to 82° 45’. 
t By ship, but in boats and by land journeys as far as 80° 45’. 
