Geographical Notices. 87 



ally proved by experiment to resist the prolonged action of 

 boiling water. As regards Vibrios, Bacteriums, Spirillums, etc., 

 It has not yet been shown that they have spores ; the existence 

 of them is simply inferred from analogy. It is certain that 

 Vibrios are killed by being immersed in water, the temperature 

 of which does not exceed 200° F. We have found all motion, 

 except the Brownian, to cease even at 180° F. We have also 

 proved by several experiments that the spores of common mold 

 are killed, both by being exposed to steam and by passing 

 through the heated tube used in the experiments described in this 

 article. If, on the one hand, it is urged that all organisms, in 

 so far as the early history of them is known, are derived from 

 ova, and therefore from analogy, we must ascribe a similar ori- 

 gin to these minute beings whose early history we do not know, 

 it may be urged with equal force on the other hand, that all ova 

 "" ' — - • " ' . anything about them, are de- 



tave been derived from ova, since these would all have been de- 

 ^royed by the conditions to which they have been subjected. 

 " argument from analogy is as strong in the one case as in 



the other. 

 Cambridge, May 9th. 1862. 



Art. XL— Geographical Notices. No. XYII. 



KILnr.AJj^jARO, THE SXOW COVEEED EQUATORIAL PEAK OF 

 AFRICA. 



^HE proceedings of the London Geographical Society, vol. ri. 



-• 1362, contain a very important letter from Mr. R Thorn- 



, R.G.S., (lately attached to Dr. Livingstone's Zambesi 



•^fion as Geologist) respecting his visit, in company with 



•-arl von der Decken to the much talked of snow-covered 



ain, near the equator on the eastern coast of Africa. 



existence of such a mountain, named Kilimanjaro, was 



-'^ several years ago by the missionaries of the London 



- Missionary Society at 'Rabbai Mpia. One of them, Mr. 



■nn, saw the snowy peak for the first time m May, 1848, 



= ibsequently saw it again. The next year in November, 



-'^' league, Dr. Krapf, saw the same white-topped summit. 



■"'^r of them ascended the mountain,— but the natives gave 



' -^ount of their experience in going up it. They said that 



,, -ue Sliver like stuff when brought down proved to be nothing 



^•^,^^ter," and that many who climbed the mountain returned 



^a frozen extremities which some ascribed to evil spirits. 



^^ese reports awakened much ridicule in England. The exist- 



