178 /. Lubbock on the Ancient Lake Habitations of Switzerland. 



leur lait sur la tombe. Get usage des m^res, qui assimile I'horarae 

 apr^s sa mort au petit enfant qu'elles nourrisent de leur lait, s'est 

 conserve, sauf Fattitude, il est vrai, jusqu'au commencement de ce 

 siecle, dans le centre de I'Europe, dans la vallee alpesire des Or- 

 monts;" making this last statement on the authority of M. Ter- 

 rise, who washiinself aneye witness of this extraordinary custom. 



Making allowance for the marine animals, such as the seals and 

 oysters, the cockles, whelks, &c., the fauna thus indicated by the 

 remains found in the Swiss lakes, agrees remarkably with that 

 which characterizes the Danish Kjokkenraoddings, and belongs 

 evidently to a far later age than that of the celebrated stone hatch- 

 ets, which were first made known to us by the genius and perse- 

 verance of M. Boucher de Perthes* 



Instead of the Elephant and Ehinoceros we find in the latter 

 or second Stone period, in that namely of the Kjokkenmodding 

 and "Pfahlbauten," the Urus and Bison, the Elk and the Eed 

 deer already installed as monarch of the forests. The latter in- 

 deed, with the Boar, appears to have been very frequent, and to 

 have formed a most important article of food to the Lake dwell- 

 ers. The Urus, or great fossil Ox is now altogether extinct. It 

 was mentioned by Cassar, iyho describes it as being little smaller 

 than an elephant. (Hi sunt magnitudine paulo infra elephantos, 

 specie et colore et figura tauri.) According to Herberstein, it 

 still existed in Switzerland during the sixteenth century, soon 

 after which, however, it must have become extinct. 



The Aurochs, or European Bison seems to have disappeared 

 from Western Europe even earlier than the Urus. There is no 

 historical record of its existence in England or Scandinavia. Ifi 

 Switzerland we cannot trace it later than the tenth century, but 

 it is mentioned in the "Niebelungen Lied," of the twelfth ce^i" 

 tury, as occurring in the Forest of Worms, and in Prussia tiie 

 last was killed in the year 1775. At one period indeed, it ar 

 pears to have inhabited almost the whole of Europe, much ol 

 Asia, and part even of America, but at present it is confined w 

 Europe, to the imperial forests in Lithuania, where it is preserved 

 by the Emperor of Eussia, while, according to Nordmann ana 

 von Baer, it still exists in some parts of Western Asia. 



We have no notice of the existence of the Elk in Switzerland 

 during the historical period, but it is mentioned bv Caesar as ex 

 isting in the great Hercynian forest ; and even in the twelfth cen- 

 tury it was to be met with in Sclavonia and Hungary, according 

 to Albertus Magnus and Gesner. In Saxony, the death of tJ« 

 la.st is recorded as having occurred in 1746. At present it iti; 

 habits Prussia and Lithuania, Finland and Russia, Scandiuau^^ 

 and Siberia, to the shores of the Amoor. 



* ""^-^"-r the Drift race of raen were really the aboriginal inh * 



„„;_„.„u ._._.. „ ^.... '■ ..that our g 



I greater antiquity for t 



M. Rutimeyer bints, that our geograpu- 



