182 /. Lubbock on the Ancient Lake Habitations of Switzerland. 



From all this, therefore, it is evident that the nourishment of 



the dwellers in the Pilevvorks consisted of corn and wild fruits, 



of fish, and the flesh of wild and domestic animals. Doubtless 



also milk was an important article of their diet. 



The list of plants found in the Pileworks stand as follows:— 



Pinus abies. Corylus avellana. 



" picea. _ Primus spin osa. 



Quercus Robur. Rubus idseus. 



Fagus sylvaticus. " fruticosus. 



Populus treraula. Wheat. 



Betula alba. Hordeum distichum. 



Alnus glutinosa. " hexastichon. 



Trapa natans.— This species was supposed to be extinct in Switzerland; 

 but, as M.Troyon informs rae by letter, it has recently been discovered in 

 a living condition. It has, however, become very rare. 

 Flax, Hemp, Juncus, Arundo. 



Neither Oats nor Eje have yet been found. Small pieces of 

 twme and bits of matting made of hemp and flax may have 

 been parts of some article of clothing. For the latter purpose 

 also there can be little doubt that the skins of animals were used, 

 and some of the stone implements seem well adapted to assist in 

 their preparation, while the bone pins, and the needles made from 

 the teeth of boars, may have served to fasten them together. 



The Pottery of the Stone age presents nearly the same char- 

 acters in all the settlements. Very rude and coarse, it is gene- 

 rally found m broken pieces, and a few entire vessels have been 

 obtained. The potter's wheel seems to have been unknown, and 

 the baking was very imperfect. The form was frequently cyl- 

 mdrical, but several of the jars were rounded at the base, and 

 without feet. The rings of pottery, which at a later epoch 

 were used as stands, for these earthern tumblers are not found m 

 the Lake habitations of the Stone period, but some of the ves- 

 sels had small projections which were pierced in such a manner 

 that strings might be passed through them, and the vessels raighj 

 in this manner be suspended. Some of them were also pierced 

 by small holes at different levels. Professor Heer suggests thaj 

 these may have been used in the preparation of curds, the small 

 holes being intended to permit the escape of the milk. 



Several of the vessels are ornamented with simple markings, 



generally mere impressions of the finger or of the nail. Neither 



m the Stone, nor in the Bronze period, do we ever find either in 



pottery, or on the bronze weapons, any representation, 



ever rude, of an animal ; the ornamentation being generally con- 

 fined to straight or curved lines, forming in many cases a very 

 elegant ornament. One vase, however, which was found at ^\ an- 

 gen IS distinguished by more elaborate ornaments, the lines being 

 evidently intended to represent leaves. 



