192 On the Structure of the Brain in Man and Monkeys. 



with certainty, speed, and by an harmonious control of his muS' 

 cular system. The strong relative development of the myelor 

 or spinal cord is in conformity with these facts. 



im gyri 

 It all lai 



The organs of sense are 

 large and well developed and the nerves which supply them have 

 usually a proportional development far surpassing a normal one. 



"I may remark here ^'' ' ^ ■ - 



and zoologic marks of i 



faculties. Most have a language, not rich it is true, but still ar- 

 ticulate and distinct. Their brains in appearance below those of 

 an orang or a gorilla, are still the habitation of a speaking soul. 

 This innate, and as it were, inextinguishable quality, is man's 

 highest and niost distinctive feature ; and however lowered by 

 disease or imbecdity, man is still human, not an ape. 



" The microcephals wanting a part of their brain gyrations, are 

 all small. I may mention in this connection the proportion that 

 has been observed for some time between the complexity of the 

 and the general size of the animal. It is trae 

 „ ^. , imals have gyrations, whilst the greater propor- 

 tion _ot small animals are destitute of them. Still I think the 

 relation has not been justly conceived of. The presence of gy- 

 rations indicates not so much the great size of the individual 

 [or Its species], but rather that the whole zoologic group to 

 which the individual belongs* consists essentially of large forms. 

 Henceit is that the smallest species of those natural groups 

 which include or consist mainly of gigantic forms have gyrations 

 ot some sort, as the weasel among the carnivores and Antilop 

 hemprichiana (Ehr.) and A. spinigera (Temm.) among the rumi" 



" Among human races the bushman brain has very simple 

 gyrations and the anterior lobes have a simplicity never seen 

 uormallyin white races. But bushmen are neither microcephals 

 nor idiots. The very fact that this incomplete brain suflaces for 

 the functions of life shows that it is a normal and in one sensff 

 a specific condition, and that as related to man the bushmen are 

 not degraded beings (etres degrades). The race is fruitful. !» 

 persistence amidst constantly adverse influences shows tins. 

 Every observation confirms the view that degraded form^ of a 

 species tend toward extinction. 



Gratiolet concludes that " man is separated from the aninaal^ 

 as completely by his physical organism as he is by his mental 



ome very general remarks of Dr. "Wagner are here omitted.] 



[*Itn 



largest Uving rodeat, bavl gyrations, contrary to th^TeneraTrule among rodent;. 



the hemispheres of the Capjbar 



