194 On the Structure of the Brain in Man and Monkeys. 



So fhen we say that in a broad point of view man forms one 

 group with the monkeys, in a narrower sense he forms a group 

 by himself. And this from the structural arrangement of his 

 brain and the configuration of its gyrations. 



I do not understand bow so much emphasis has been given 

 to unessential parts that vary even among men ; as the posterior 

 horn of the lateral ventricle, the pes hippocampi minor and even 

 the emminentise candicantes [corpora mammilaria] as distinctive 

 of man. [Reference is here made to Serres' view, that the so- 

 called corpora mammillaria of animals really represent the tuber 



The plan and arrangement of the lobes* is one for man and 

 the monkeys, and the fissures and the position of the various 

 parts make a striking resemblance between even the lowest apes 

 brain and that of man. 



Even if the difference of development pointed out by Gratio- 

 let be given its utmost force, there is still a striking resemblance 

 between the early stages of the human brain and the various 

 grades of quadrumane brain structure. It is true the frontal 

 lobes are peculiar by the early appearance of their gyrations, and 

 yet between the smooth lobes of a fifth month human embryo 

 and the smoothest hemispheres of the clawed quadrumanes. there 

 is a marked resemblance. And so there is a similarity, in the ievv 

 and symmetric gyrations of both hemispheres, and in the smaller 

 and indistinct gyrations of the frontal lobes of the sixth or sev- 

 enth month human foetus, to many higher qudrumane brains; 

 while the highest anthropoid apes are brought still nearer by the 

 symmetry and number and depth of their gyrations, and by the 

 presence even of the small gyrations in the insula Reilii. But 

 they are always remarkably behind man in the overwhelming 

 proportional development of his cerebrum to the whole bram 

 and especially to the cerebellum, whilst essential differencesoccur 

 as to the order, size and limits of the occipital lobes, for in t"® 



mre of Gratiolet. Thi-! lattei 



^i:b^. ^™T °f.^ Beventro?eighth 'inlh'iSin^'" i^Mhl^^ -^^ 



