Chemistry and Physics. 135 
This <geGI. pes placed, gave an indication, aioe 26, of 
75°, whic e e for four consecutive wee “ e same 
a aes was Jaced in the same manner i other ap 
1514 feet from the surface of the earth. hiesssitins taken 
July and August gave a temperature of 79°. e mean Rnnoal 
temperature at the surface was assumed to be 48°. For the inter- 
val of 149 feet between the holes, there was an increase of 4° F, 
which is at the rate of 1° F. in 37 feet. In the whole depth of 
1514 feet from the lower surface to the lower hole we have an 
increase of 31°, which is at the rate of 1° F. in 49 feet. Late 
state in compounds and has discovered a law which he 7 the 
law of solid volumes and which he enunciates as follow : In 
the solid 
stere, of one of its elements determines, be means of the forces 
active during crystallization, the assumption, by all the other ele- 
ments, of the same solid volume or stere. In other words, one of 
the elements assimilates to itself all the others. The molecular 
n atoms 
ume of three. In a formula, " Sehrd der indicates a stnaber of 
steres of an element by an ordinn ary, and the number of atoms by 
a sub exponent. A stere-value is marked by a line over it and a 
volume calculated or observed, by a line beneath it. Thus silver 
for example, Ag?=2 5°14 =10°28; obs. vol. =10°28, means that 
an atom of silver or 108 grams takes a space of . 10° 10-28 eubic centi- 
meters; i. €., twice 5°14 ¢. c., or two silver steres. For the chlo- 
ride, iodide Sod bromide of nae he gives Ag?Cl3=5 X514= 
25° 25°70; obs, vol. 25° 25-7. Ag? Brt =6 X 5°14=30°84, the obs. vol. 
Agile IS=8 X5-14= 41°12, also the obs. vol. In all three, the con- 
trolling volume is the silver stere, silver entering as two steres, 
chlorine as as three, bromine as four and iodine as six. The author 
has applied his law to a large number of chemical compounds and 
Obtains some significant results.— Ber. Berl. Chem. Ges., ~~ 1109, 
May, i878, FB 
8. On Flame Teinperatures.—Rosettt has continued his experi- 
ments upon the temperatures of flames and finds that aber 
gas flames are much increased in volume by pressure, the corre- 
sponding zones show nearly the same temperatures, the difference 
being only 20° for a great variation of pressure. The maximum 
