A, E. Verrili— Marine Fauna of North America. 213 
from a specimen collected off the coast of Greenland, in 410 
fathoms, by the Valorous Expedition, in 1875. 
ur specimens are nearly perfect, with the cells and coenen- 
chyma well preserved. ‘They are from seven to eleven inches 
high; and from six to ten broad. They are much branched, 
in the form of a dense bush or small shrub, the branches aris- 
ing mostly in whorls of three or four, from the chitinous joints, 
and spreading nearly at right angles; the secondary branches 
arise in the same way, but the final branchlets mostly arise 
singly, or in pairs. The coenenchyma is very thin, yellow or 
brown, and filled with fusiform spicula, arranged in lines; the 
polyp-cells are scattered, very large and prominent, with the base 
and distal half expanded, somewhat hour-glass shaped, largest 
toward the tips of the branches, and covered with large acute 
spicula, which project as spines beyond the margin. 
he Mopsea arbusculum Johnson, from Madeira, is a closely 
allied species, for which Dr. J. E. Gray, in 1870, constituted 
the genus Acanella. It appears, from the figures, to have more 
slender branchlets, and polyp-cells of a different form. T 
coincidence in the names was, however, entirely accidental. 
Fine specimens of Primnoa reseda and Paragorgia arborea are 
often taken in the same region from which the preceding species 
were obtained, as well as from the depression between St. 
George’s and Le Have Banks, in 200 to 250 fathoms. One of 
the specimens of Paragorgia presented to us is over three feet 
high, and some of Primnoa are nearly as tall. 
Paramuricea borealis Verrill, sp. nov. 
_ Slender, arborescently much branched, four inches (or more) 
in height. Cells scattered, short cylindrical, or verrucose, 
with a series of small spicula projecting around the edge, sur- 
mounted by eight convergent groups of long, acute spicu 
Coenenchyma thin, rudely granulous, with irregular rough 
Spicula. Color, when dried, brownish gray; axis slender, 
yellowish. 
Grand Banks of Newfoundland, on stone, with Primnoa 
reseda. The only specimen seen was sent to me for examina- 
tion by Professor A. Hyatt, from the Museum of the Boston 
Society of Natural History. It is near P. placomus, but is 
more slender, with longer cells. 
ECHINODERMATA. 
Asterina borealis Verrill, sp. nov. 3 
Pentagonal, with a thick swollen body and short thick rays. 
Upper surface closely covered with short minute spinules, of 
nearly uniform size, arranged in groups of unequal size. Scat- 
tered over the surface are many papule of rather large size, 
