L. EF. Hicks— Waverly Group in Central Ohio. 217 
The Black Hand Conglomerate, No. 4, is seen at its best 
about Hanover, though the Black Hand locality is better 
known, probably because the cliffs at that point are more con- 
spicuous to the railway passenger. Only about half its thick- 
ness is seen in these cliffs. At Hanover the bottom layers 
(which, owing to the eastward dip, are buried out of sight at 
Black Hand) come into view and reveal a total thickness of 
eighty-five to ninety feet. It is generally a rather fine pud- 
ding-stone, the pebbles of the size of peas. Occasionally they 
are an inch in diameter, and, in one case, I found a quartzite 
bowlder six inches long and three inches thick imbedded in 
the sandy matrix. In some places beds many feet thick are 
merely coarse sandstone, but the partings are pebbly. The 
prevailing color is light yellow or buff; sometimes nearly 
white, again brick-red. This stratum is highly ferruginous, 
but less so than the Coal Conglomerate, the upper layers of 
which are sometimes a siliceous iron ore. It also contains 
more earthy matter and less pure silica than the Coal Conglom- 
erate. ‘These characters, together with the presence of fossil 
nuts (Cardiocarpon, Trigonocarpon, etc.) in the upper, and their 
absence, so far as yet observed, in the lower, might serve to 
distinguish these conglomerates if they were in contact, instead 
vil oa separated by the Licking Shales. 
0. 4 I 
as long been recognized; and its capabilities for massive and 
elegant superstructures have been shown in the erection of the 
us. 
Like almost all Conglomerates, No. 4 thins and disappears, or 
passes into fine sediments when traced far from its typical 
exposures. Black Hand is near the east line of Licking 
County. The Conglomerate appears in full force for seven or 
eight miles, to some distance west of Clay Lick station on the 
Baltimore and Ohio’ Railroad. Thence through the center of 
the county its horizon is occupied by an entirely different set 
of beds, of which only one, and that thin, bears any resem- 
blance to the rock at Black Hand. These beds are character- 
