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L. H. Hicks— Waverly Group in Central Ohio. 219 
All the Granville beds are fossiliferous. They have, in fact, 
yielded a richer harvest to the paleontologist than any other 
member of the Waverly. Not less than seventy-five species, 
many of them new to science, have been found in them in a 
tolerable state of preservation; and several more have been 
seen, but only in fragments too imperfect for identification or 
description. In the upper layer, No. 4d, the remains of mol- 
lusks and crinoids have supplied enough calcareous matter to 
convert portions of the rock into an impure limestone. The 
carbonate of lime dissolves out on exposure to the weather, 
eaving a rusty, rotten sandstone full of fossils, but seldom 
furnishing a perfect or entire specimen. In the compact sand- 
stone the fossils are fairly preserved, but generally as “ casts.” 
From the Fucoid layer, however, beautifully perfect shells are 
obtained with both valves entire and in position, the matrix 
crumbling away on exposure. 
The unity of the Granville beds with the Black Hand con- 
bottom some layers are massive enough for quarrying. No 
animal remains have been observed in it; but there are abund- 
ant impressions of two species of sea-weeds, one with square 
stem branching at right angles, the other with round stem 
branching in the usual manner. : . 
‘The next stratum, No. 2, as much exceeds the last in interest 
as it falls short of it in thickn It is a black, bituminous 
shale containing shells of Lingula and Discina, and spines, 
