84 W. Upham—Terminal Moraines 
tutes a very conspicuous line of hills, bordered along most of 
its course by nearly level plains on both sides. So striking is 
its topographic effect that it long ago came to be commonly 
“backbone of the island.” 
This range is the southeast boundary of Brooklyn, Newtown, 
and part of Flushing; forms the heights of Greenwood Ceme- 
tery, Prospect Park, the Cemetery of the Evergreens, Ridge- 
wood Reservoir, and Cypress Hill Cemetery; runs close north 
Pond nearly at its top. Prospect Hill in Brooklyn is 194 feet ; 
Ridgewood Reservoir, 170; Richmond Hill, 188; Success Pond, 
about 200; and the highest hills near this pond and to the 
north and east, about 250 feet above the sea. From the Nar- 
rows to Roslyn this series of irregularly undulating hills is 
shown by many excavations, as for cellars, streets and railroads, 
to be composed of till, or unstratified glacial drift, full of bowl- 
ders, most of which are rough and angular, while some have 
their sides planed and striated. This is the true terminal 
moraine of the ice-sheet 
Hill, the highest of the West Hills, 354; the Dix and Comac 
Hills, about 250; Pine Hill and Mt. Pleasant, west of Ronkon- 
oma Lake, about 200; the Bald and Selden Hills, 200 to 300; 
Ruland’s, the highest of the Coram Hills, 8340; Homan’s Hill, 
north of Yaphank, about 250; Terry’s Hill, south of Manor- 
ville, about 175; Rock and Canada Hills, about 200; Spring 
* For man’ hes foregoing he’ Island, I am indebted to 
‘Mr. Elias ethan ceaunre eimacans soeoe of jaaee in this Jour- 
nal, III, vol. xiii, p. 235. 
