J. L. Campbell— Geology of Virginia. 127 
crosses, we turn to the left and follow the crest of the ridge for 
half a mile toward the southwest to the top of what is known 
as “flag rock”—the highest outcrop of Medina sandstone on 
this mountain, having a steep southeasterly dip. From this 
point, 3340 feet above tide level, the mountain scenery on all 
sides is very grand. Along the base of this ridge, on the 
northwest side, lies the Warm Springs Valley—a narrow strip 
of the Lower Silurian limestones of the Great Valley again 
brought to the surface. On the opposite side of this narrow 
valley another ridge, Little Mountain, rises to @ less elevation, 
but is composed of the same kind of rocks as the main moun- 
tain, but dipping toward the northwest.* The olive-colored 
sandstones, generally found at the base of the Medina group in 
this region, appear near the summit of both these opposing 
ridges, and are succeeded by the fragile sandstones and shales 
of the Cincinnati and Utica epochs that form the steep slopes 
of both mountains. These are succeeded by the Trenton (4 a) 
limestones that dip beneath them, but form more gradu 
slopes toward the middle of the valley, where the older Chazy ~ 
(3 c) limestones make their appearance. The latter are not 
largely developed where the tepid waters of the Warm Springs 
rise, but widen out considerably toward the southwest. 
short distance to the northeast of the springs we found Tren- 
ton fossils in abundance, like those we had found just below 
the entrance of Goshen Pass. 
In this anticlinal valley the Lower Silurian rocks come to the 
surface for a distance of several miles on both sides of the section, 
the general range being parallel with the Appalachian chain. 
he two ridges that here face each other were doubtless 
ies of a great open anticlinal fold that was formed, when, 
y powerful lateral pressure from a southeasterly direction, the 
_ * Along some parts of this broken ridge the sandstones are vertical or even 
inverted. 
i 
