354 0. C. Marsh—History and Methods of 
y- 
The | invertebrates have been investigated with care by 
D’Archiac, D’Orbigny, Bayle, Fromentel, Oustalet, and others 
in France; Desor, Loriol and Roux in Switzerland ; Cappellini, 
Massalongo, Michellotti, Meneghini, and Sismonda in Italy, 
Barrande, Benecke, Beyrich, Dames, Dorn, Ehlers, Geinitz, 
Giebel, Giimbel, Feistmantel, Hagen, von Hauer, von Heyden, 
von Fritsch, Laube, Oppel, Quenstedt, Roemer, Schliiter, Suess, 
Speyer, and Zittel in Germany. The fossil Plants have been 
studied in these countries by Massalongo, Saporta, Zigno, 
Fiedler, Goldenberg, Gehler, Heer, Goeppert, Ludwig, Schim- 
per, Schenk, and many others. 
Among the recent researches in Palontol in other 
regions may be mentioned those of Blanford, Feistmantel, 
Lydekker, and Stoliezka, in India; Haast and Hector in New 
Zealand, and Krefft and McCoy in Australia; all of whom 
have published valuable results. 
fossi 
iac, 
Of the progress of paleontology in America, I have thus far 
said nothing, and I need now say but little, as many of you are 
doubtless familiar with its main features. During the first 
and second periods in the history of paleontology, as I have 
defined them, America, for most excellent reasons, took no 
part. In the present century, during the third period, appea 
the names of Bigsby, Green, Morton, Mitchell, Rafinesque, 
Say, and Troost, ail of whom deserve mention. More recently, 
the researches of Conrad, D D 
Gibbes, omer Holmes, Lea, McChesney, Owen, Redfield, 
sora portant ; a 
Hartt, James, Miller, Shaler, Rathburn, and Winchell, are 
also of value. To Dawson, Lesquereux, e 
. and wherry, We 
a ; Y Owe our present knowledge of the fossil plants of this 
tye Wee et 3 Saat i 
ee, ee ee ee ee 
