Geology and Mineralogy. 149 
The occurrence of marine fossiliferous beds of Silurian, Devon- 
ian, Carboniferous, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous wae Tertiar y 
age in oy mountain n regions of the e Extra-per ninsular 
(3.) The Coal-period of the country pido its comme nencement in 
re thirty tons in weight, some of them with scratched and 
smoothed surfaces; and of similar bowlder beds in the lower of 
the South Africa depocita in the Karoo region. 
(7.) The existence in the Lower Vindhyan series, in Southern 
India, of a diamond-bearing conglomerate or grit, ten to twenty 
feet thick (of dark gray, red and brown colors), which is explored 
for diamonds by means of shallow pits and short galleries—the 
di Renton supposed to be probably “of detrital origin,” like the 
pebbles and other material of the enclosing rock; also ‘of another 
Similar diamond-bearing conglomerate in the Upper r Vindhyans, 
re — borders of the Bundelkand gneiss; besides alluvial dig- 
The upper part of the A ondwana, in the nama can and elsewhere, con- 
a numerous species of Cycads as well as Ferns and Conifers, which pant a 
—— age, and a relation also to the flora of beds cruivtie e Karoo series of 
uth Af; n er of fossil fishes, and so tile remains 
ae . an e Re 
8, and near Ellore and Ongole, and ve ape ee in — upper beds, t et 
i eae ‘ns ee — Pholadomya, Lima, Exogyra, Belemnites, various 
ia ventricosa occurs ae in the uppermost Furassic rocks 
of South yee as well as in the upper beds of the Geadeevas — 
— retaceous beds with fossils oecur in Cutch, a Pondicherry 
Trichonopoly in Southern India, and between Mandlesir and 'B n the 
; arbada valley. The marine Tertiary beds of the Peninsular area are nateda 
© @ narrow fringe along or near the coast. 
