J, A. Allen— Remains of an Extinct Species of Wolf 47 



the alkaloid, the difference being in the case of the alkaloid 1° 

 C. = -562^ and in the case of the sulphate 1° C. = -650°. 



(c) In both the sulphate aqueous solution and the alcoholic 

 alkaloid solution, there is the same diminished rotation under 

 dilution, and this occurs chiefly in the first dilution as is shown 

 in the following table : 



Alkaloid Solution. Sulpliate Solution. 



1st dilution [o']/=— 137-50° at 35° C. Mji =-250-'70° at 3H° C. 

 2d dilution [a']j=~U%-U° at 36° C. [«]i = -235-45° at 32° C. 

 3d dilution [«Ji=-115-45° at 36° C. [a]J=~234-54° at 31^° C. 



In closing, I would direct attention to the results indicated in 

 conclusion (a), wherein we find that the presence of sulphuric 

 acid has changed the rotation power of a given weight of the 

 alkaloid from -154-30° to -255-48°; and I ask, is it not possible, 

 nay, even probable, that the physiological action of the drug may 

 undergo a similar or perhaps even greater increase? In past 

 times it was the custom to administer quinine in the form of a 

 sulphuric acid solution, and theresults were certain and prompt 

 even with minute doses. In recent times, on tbe contrary, the 

 fancy of patients demands that quinine should be given in pill 

 or some allied form ; and though greatly increased doses are 

 used, the practitioner finds it is less certain in its effect. The 

 cause of the difference is doubtless the change in molecular 

 arrangement that produces the marked difference in the action 

 of the alkaloid and sulphate solutions on polarized light ; and 

 since the action of the sulphate solution is so much greater than 

 that of the alkaloid solution it is evidently the proper form for 

 the administration of Quinine as a Medicine. 



College of the City of New York, Oct. 29, 1815. 



Art. v. — Description of some remains of an Extinct Species of 

 Wolf and an Extinct Species of Beer from the Lead Region of 

 the Upper Mississippi ; by J. A. Allen. 



The remains described in the present paper form part of the 

 collection of mammalian fossils made many years since by 

 Professor J. D. Whitney, from the lead-crevices and superficial 

 strata of the lead region of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois, being 

 a part of tliose enumerated by the late Professor Jeffries Wy- 

 man in Whitney's Geological Eeport of the Lead Kegion of the 

 Upper Mississippi (pp. 421^23), published in 1862. 



The collection originally contained, besides those now de- 

 scribed, other remains belonging to the genera Mastodon, Mega- 

 lonyx and Platygonus, and an extinct species of Bison. In 



