precisely € 

 The residi 



Cheynistry and Physics. 



added to the mixture', and in amonnt 

 equal to that theoretically obtainable from the aluminum. 

 ! residue of the reaction consisted of aluminum ethylate mixed 

 with some iodo-ethylate. The former body distilled over above 

 275° C, but suffered partial decomposition. Under diminished 

 pressure, a yellowish white solid collected in the receiver, which 

 fused at 115° and boiled about the boiling point of mercury. 

 Analysis showed it to be aluminum ethylate. The same action 

 was observed with amyl alcohol, and with bromide in place of 

 iodide.— j; Chem. Soc, clviii, 158, Feb., 1876. g. f.b. 



5. JVew Method for producing Condensed Hydrocarhons. — 

 Watsoi? Smith, having observed that naphthalene passed through 

 a red hot tube, loses hydrogen and produces iso-dinaphthyl, 

 sought to increase the yield of this substance by heating the naph- 

 thalene vapor with that of some volatile and easily reducible me- 

 tallic chloride, the chlorine of which should help to remove the 

 hydrogen. A mixture of naphthalene and antimonous chloride 

 vapors passed through a red hot tube filled with pumice, gave an 

 abundant yield of iso-dinaphthyl. The reaction is — 



(C,oH,)g+(SbCl,).=Sb^ +(HC1)6 + • 



The author thinks the reaction general, — Ber. Berl. Chem. Ges., 

 ix, 467, April, 1876. G. f, b, 



6, On Manganese Bonde and on the Function of Manganese 



\ Iron Metcdlurgy. —Tnoo&T and Hautefeuille have produced 

 definite mangranese boride simply by heating boric acid in 

 arbide. Small dark violet c 



were obtained which afforded on analysis the formula MnBo, con- 

 taining 27 per cent of boron. When free from an excess of man- 

 ganese, it dissolves in acids, disengaging hydrogen. Water is not 

 decomposed by it at 100°, Mercuric chloride when moist trans- 

 forms it at once into manganese chloride, boric, and chlorhydric 

 acids. In this reaction, each gram evolves lt>97 calories; while 

 its elements taken free evolve 4184 ; the difference 2487 calories 

 represents the heat set free by the manganese and the boron in 

 combining. Hence the compound is an energetic one. Iron bo- 

 rides too are stable, unlike the iron carbides and silicides. The 

 authors conclude from their researches that the important part 

 which manganese plays in the metallurgy of iron is due (1) to the 

 formation of compounds which evolve in their production a greater 

 amount of heat than that set free by the corresponding com- 

 pounds of iron ; and (2) to the facility with which these com- 

 pounds form slags, since in oxidizing they evolve more heat than 

 those which contain the same quantity of iron ; especially when, 

 as is the case, they exist in presence of a large excess of metal.— 

 G- II, Ixxxi, 1263, Dec, 1875. G- f. b. 



