286 Scientific Intelligence. 
that these were not also varieties of C. Winonia, which have become 
more completely segregated from the parent form.” The emer 
are given. ‘This is essentially what DeCandolle concludes of Oaks, 
as we have seen in a former article. Mechanitis Polymnia affords 
one of the most striking cases. The typical form of the pores insect, 
as figured by Cramer, prevails at Para and elsewhere the region 
Eeaiertio type. Among the numerous forms, one, which he names 
M. Eyaénsis, predominates; but all the Satertapdisite forms between. it 
and the ver M. Polymnia occur there, only in fewer num At 
St. Paulo, 260 miles further west, the species was again extremely varia- 
ble, some "individuals coming near the type, but none identical with it. 
The varieties were quite different from those of Ega; the M. Hygaénsis 
lon edt to one spec csilieis minated over a oe area, and modi 
certain districts, He a affirms that the varieties were of such a nature, a8 
to form and colors, that they could not be thought to be hybrids between 
two or more distinct species. And also, that the amount of local modifi- 
eation in no way accorded with obvious differences in the local sari a 
es 
600 miles apart and very different in physical conditions. Extending 
the view up to the eastern slopes of the Andes, there are said to i 
other forms, some of them seins varieties of M. Polymnia, although 
they have been described a S species ; others more sharply defined am 
having the appearance of true species. So Mr. Bates thinks that, — 
“The wrpeyeet is + presser that these apparently distinct ies are 
modifications, well as undoubted we eties are; for we have the species 
all stages a ideation, Simple variation, loc variety scarcely dis- 
Eapanbente from a mere es he comp ete local variety, and well marked 
pecies. The forms of M. Polymnia found in Boal phe sone 
view. At Rio Mey the well mar pad race or m 
is ; Mabe at Bahia apse towards the home of the t a 
MM. Teysinia i in compa with M. M. Nesea ; at Se rage Tahoe northw: 
e occu a 3 a ed Para 4 this form is seen no more, an 
in its typical ‘dress monopolizes the field. These facts seem to Roald us baer 
in this and similar cases, a new species originates in a local variety, whe 
a or 
ee aie advantage 0 
rent from its allies; ‘ ma two sister: 
