Zoology. 441 
Geoe is a striking tink of the former. The foot of the 2, 
considering separately the Horse-type, is a case under the former rather 
than the latter; for, in any related species, a lessening of the dis re of 
the toes would be evidence of weakness and inferiority under that type. 
Yet, as compared with the higher PPA be in which the life-system 
of tbh: esos forward to great size and perfection. As in thie foot of 
the Horse, mee is here an enlargement of one portion at the expense of 
the others. And this, under the Ruminant-type, is progress toward the 
igs condition of the t type, or cephalization by an elliptic method, 
A Rum which the teeth should be all equally developed would 
be one of t mi! = eat feebleness of system to carry the structure to its typi 
cal perfection; and such is the Eocene Anoplothere.’ If, however, the 
minants were rekon to the Megasthene-type as "represented in the 
Carnivores, the deficiency of teeth would be an example of decephaliza- 
with its huge tusks and but three molars to either side of a jaw is a re- 
markable example. Again, in the Elepbant, two incisors are developed 
into the great tusks of the upper jaw at the expense of the other incisors 
and canines; and jaws that look as if bearing profoundly the mark of 
degradation or decephalization, are hence compatible with high cephali- 
zation under the Herbivore-type 
It is not to be inferred that the enlargement of one part of a 
at the expense of others, is necessarily an indication of general wre. 
of grade. Even in the case of the foot of the Horse, the elevation implied 
is elevation only under the Horse-type or among Solidungulates, and not 
elevation neers all other Herbivores 
es are sufficient to “lustrate the contrast between the 
fd 
elliptic saan of eephalization and o ecepha sei ot and also the 
fact, that a case of the former in one relation may e of the latter 
in : higher, that is, if referred to a higher group as tha sta t 
The cases that would come under the elliptic method of cephalization 
centrative, they being a result of concentration in the aspen 
: “Amongst the varied forms of existing tt chai we paces agr ober Haar gn 
devel sometimes to a monstrous size; whi eeth are 
portiona veloped, ; a Eig 4 
teeth never exceeds, in an fed quadruped, dewayebin the dental 
of 8 therium. I is ties most i to find that those 
with a com vel ective aaa as piste or for oi cme 
— transitorily, in the hag decrees , the germs of upper 
disappear before bt Seaaae but w hich were et and forts car 
in the Pie Anoplothere.  Oaadely, British Assoc, Rep 
Mamm., 1886, 
