﻿OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA. 61 



one (Primordialschlauch) firmly adhering to the inner surface of the exterior one, and 

 which remains visible after the first has become entirely destroyed by a prolonged 

 immersion in sulphuric acid. 



The outer membrane will often slip off during the experiment, as seen in fig. 2. 

 Besides the larger grains of amylon already mentioned a considerable number of very 

 minute ones are seen as small specks adhering to the coating of protoplasma, which 

 constitutes the primordialschlauch. 



Following with care the successive changes in these reddish cells, we observe, first, 

 that the red color retires from the outer part of the cell, so as to concentrate, as it 

 were, around the central cytoblast, leaving a zone of a paler color around the peri- 

 phery, as seen in fig. 3. Soon after this a separation of the cell contents takes place, 

 and two new cells (secondary cells) are seen to have been formed in the interior of 

 the parent cell. These are fixed, round, and have a nucleus. Fig. 4. This takes 

 place during the first, second, or third night after the immersion. Very shortly after- 

 wards these two younger cells again divide into two others (tertiary cells), so that 

 one primitive cell now contains four smaller ones. Fig. 5. 



The four newly formed tertiary cells are very different from the primary one which 

 produced them ; they do not exceed the quarter of the latter one in size ; their shape 

 is oval; they are red, with a paler yellow ring, Fig 6. But the most interesting 

 fact is the existence, at the narrower extremity, of two hyaline, flagelliform appen- 

 dages, which, by their continual motions, give to the plant a rapid rotatory, slightly 

 undulating, progressive motion through the water, Fig. 7. These processes are 

 analogous or identical with what has been observed in (Edogonium, Vaucheria, Vol- 

 vox, Gleococcus, Chlamidococcus, Botryocystis, Gonium, Pandorina and other algae. 

 Their length exceeds the diameter of the cell that bears them ; they are transparent, 

 very slender and only distinctly visible when their motion is stopped. The flagelli- 

 form appendages seem to be formed by an exsudation or prolongation of the 'primor- 

 dialschlauch, through the outer cell-membrane, being to all appearance wanting in the 

 young cells. The Chlamidococcus have generally a rotatory motion from right to 

 left, but they occasionally turn in the opposite direction, as I have distinctly noticed. 

 These ovate flagel-bearing tertiary cells are endowed with motion for a period which 



Qi2 Hie 08 + 2H 2 0; the protein is formed of insoluble C 36 EF N 4 O 10 + from 1 to 8 of S. Besides the above we 

 may admit, 5th, the gelatin cell membrane, which takes a lively green color by immersion in strong acids. 6th. 

 The eugelacin cell membrane of Kiitzing, which becomes red by the action of acids and blue by that of alkalies. 

 7th. The pollenin cell membrane, found on pollen grains and many spores. 8th. The suberin cell membrane. 

 These two last both contain a certain proportion of nitrogen, and are unaltered by the ordinary tests. And, 

 lastly, 9th. The lignin cell membrane which gives the same reactions as the bassorin cell membrane, but seems 

 to have a different composition, namely, according to Mulder C 12 H 16 O 8 , or according to Gay Lussac and Thenard, 

 C 64 H 88 O 39 . It appears to be bassorin, minus two equivalents of water. The suberin, or cork cell membrane, 

 has for formula C 15 H 12 O 13 N 4 . 



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