.508 
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VANELLUS. LAPWING. 
Generic Character. 
Rostrum teretiusculum, lon- 
gitudine capitis, compres- 
sum, apice tumidum, obtu- 
sum, reflexum. 
Nares laterales. 
Pedes tetradactyli, digiti ex- 
teriores basi membrana 
connexi ; poUex brevis. 
Alee elongata remigibus tri- 
bus exterioribus quarta vel 
quinta brevioribus. 
Beak rounded, as long as the 
liead, compressed, the tip 
tumid, obtuse, and bent 
down. 
Nostrils lateral. 
Feet four-toed, the outer toes 
connected at the base by a 
membrane ; hind toe very 
short. 
Wmgs elongated, the three 
outer feathers shorter than 
the fourth or fifth. 
Vanellus. Meyer, Temm., Vieil., Leach. 
SaUATAROLA. CuV. 
Tringa. Linn., Gmel,, Lath. 
Gavia. Klein. 
Parra. Linn., Gmel. 
IHE Lapwings reside in damp and humid si- 
tuations on the borders of rivers : they are distin- 
guished by having the hinder toe small, and in 
having large wings, which make a great noise 
during flight : many of the species are rendered 
conspicuous by possessing a spur at the base of the 
wdng, and a few are ornamented in addition with 
