268 MR. E. HULL ON THE NEW RED SANDSTONE^ ETC., 



tend to flow in the direction of the dip of the strata ; 

 therefore it is necessary that the well should be placed as 

 far as possible from the outcrop or margin of the for- 

 mation. 



The most favourable position for a well is in the centre 

 of a basin or trough, for towards this point the water will 

 tend to flow ; and if the boundaries of the formation round 

 the margin of the basin happen to be upon a higher level 

 than the centre of the basin, the water will in all probabi- 

 lity rise to the surface by its own pressure. Such was the 

 result in an experiment made by Mr. Bateman during the 

 formation of the new Wolverhampton Waterworks, near 

 Tonge, and also in one which was made under the author^s 

 direction at Whitmore Station, for the supply of the works 

 of the London and North- Western Railway at Crewe 

 (fig. 3). 



Fig. 8. — Section to show the position of the Well at 

 Whitmore, Stafford. 



1. New Kod Sandstone. Water-level shown by the shaded part. The 

 water rose four feet above the railway cutting. 



2. Permian Marls. Eed Marls,— impervious to water, and preventing it 

 sinking downwards. 



I may here be allowed to give a brief account of this 

 experiment, as it illustrates the point in question. 



It was the wish of the company to obtain water within 

 the present bounds of their property, the present supply 

 being insufficient, and the space occupied by the reservoir 

 being required for other purposes. After a short survey, I 

 fixed on a point 200 yards south of Whitmore Station as 

 likely to yield as large a quantity of water as could possi- 

 bly be required, both for the works and the town. This 



