AS SOURCES OF WATER-SUPPLY FOR TOWNS. 273' 



6. Mr. Smithes (late Mr. Joule^s) Brewery, Salford. 



yards. 



New Red Sandstone (about) . . . 156 

 r marls with limestone . . 40 



Permian J rock and clay alternating . 10 

 I hard sandstone (with water) 



There are two pumps, which can be kept at work for 48 

 hours, yielding at the rate of 137,000 gallons per day. 

 Only one, yielding half that quantity, is at work. Large 

 chambers are excavated in the New Red Sandstone. The 

 water-level is nearly that of the River Irwell. 



7. Messrs. Bury's Dye-works, Salford. — Depth of well 

 and bore-hole about 100 yards. Two wells, only a few 

 yards' distance from each other. One yields 353,240 gal- 

 lons per day, and the other 66,240 gallons. 



8. Messrs. Mosely's Dye-works, Salford.- — A large en- 

 gine, which pumps about 1,500,000 gallons per day. This 

 well is only about a quarter of a mile from the last. The 

 proprietor declined to allow the author to make the neces- 

 sary admeasurements for an exact computation. 



9. Messrs. Worr all's Works, Ordsall. — This well and 

 bore-hole, 460 feet deep, produced salt or brackish water 

 at the bottom, and gave employment to four pumps. After 

 an examination of the spot, I feel convinced that the cause 

 of the saltness arose from the fact that this well is sunk 

 further on the dip of the New Red Sandstone than any 

 other in the neighbourhood. In consequence of this, the 

 ^^ dead '' or stagnant water has remained pent up in the 

 rock for ages, and has thus become impregnated with all 

 the salts which the rock contains. There is every reason 

 to believe that by a continuation of the pumping the salts 

 would be gradually dissolved and carried away. The sec- 

 tion was entirely in New Red Sandstone. The well was 

 pumped for 12 months, yielding at the rate of 717,120 

 gallons per day. 



SER. III/iVOL. II. T 



