TRIASSIC STRATA OF CUMBERLAND AND DUMFRIES. 351 



Carbonate of lime 58*00 



Carbonate of magnesia 32*46 



Iron I 00 



Silica 4*88 



Alumina 2, "43 



Water, loss, &c 1*23 



Specific gravity, 2*73 100*00 



From this limestone to the bridge the distance is occupied 

 by a bed of soft red sandstone^ with a few clay partings in 

 it of about 90 yards in thickness, which terminates just 

 above the bridge^, and is succeeded by about 2 yards of 

 breccia, composed of carboniferous grit-stones and lime- 

 stones. The thick sandstone has a dip from 15° at the 

 southern commencement, increasing to 35° at its northern 

 boundary, towards the south. The dip of the underlying 

 breccia was not so well seen, but it appeared to be in the 

 same direction as its overlying sandstone. Underneath 

 this breccia was a bed of red shales, containing the rootlets 

 of Stigmaria ficoides. I did not see these red shales ac- 

 tually pass into the breccia, owing to a covering of about 

 5 yards of fallen bank ; but they appear to dip in the same 

 direction, namely, slightly east of south, although at a 

 somewhat less inclination. 



With these red shales I consider the coal-measures to 

 commence, the Permian strata to terminate at the lowest 

 bed of breccia. The Permian beds in this section I roughly 

 estimate at the following thicknesses in the descending 



order :— namely. Yards. 



The Moat sandstone, as exposed in the quarry, but doubtless 



much thicker on the dip lo 



Red shaly clays, containing bands of gritstone and thin veins 



of gypsum 75 



Soft red sandstones, parted by red clays, and containing a bed 



of magnesian limestone, four different beds of breccia, 



one of which forms the base of the series 200 



* Prof. Sedgwick (" On the New Red Sandstone Basin of the Eden and the 

 North-western coasts of Cumberland," &c., ' Transactions of the Geological So- 

 ciety of London,' 2nd series, vol. iv. p. 385), in speaking of the north-eastern 



