10151" J. STEPHENSON : Indian Oligochaeta. 45 
parallel to each other, with their axes at right angles to the epithelial surface of the 
funnel. 
_ Itis quite allowable, I think, to take the presence of the iridescent material, at 
any rate when adherent, as an indication of the presence of an underlying funnel; 
though probably no inference as to the actual size of the funnel can be drawn from 
that of the iridescent mass, and such a phrase as ‘large iridescent funnels’ (which I 
have no doubt used myself on occasions) is scarcely admissible. 
Family ENCHYTRAEIDAE. 
Genus ENCHYTRAEUS. 
Enchytraeus barkudensis, Stephenson. 
(Plate VI, figs. I-2.) 
Ennur backwater, Sta. 3. Two batches, one of four and one of three specimens, both obtained 
during January, 1915 (N. Annandale). 
This species was recently described (23) from the Chilka Lake, and it is perhaps 
not surprising to find it again in a somewhat similar habitat further south. There 
are, however, a number of differences, some of which are interesting and have a bear 
ing on the general anatomy of the Enchytraeidae ; these are referred to below. The 
three chief diagnostic marks of the species however, which I gave in my former paper 
(number and distribution of setae, rudimentary salivary glands, and sperm-sacs enclos- 
ing testes) characterize the present specimens ; as additional points of agreement may 
be mentioned the characters of the penial bulb and perhaps the thickening of septa 
7/8-9/10. 
In the first batch the specimens were 6 mm. or less in length, and comprised 
46-48 segments; in the second they were 8-10 mm., and of 64-67 segments. No 
clitellum was seen even in those specimens which were fully sexual. 
The pharynx was found in one of two conditions. Either it presented a dorsally 
situated sucker-like plate (the condition usually met with in Enchytraeids), sharply 
defined, of a very tall narrow epithelium; or it resembled the form of pharynx found 
in Fridericia carmichaeh (v. inf.),—a hemispherical thick-walled caecum with convexity 
backwards, the narrow lumen in this case appearing as a slit between the dorsal and 
ventral walls of the caecum, the oesophagus beginning ventral and anterior to its nar- 
row mouth. For a third condition (extrusion outside the mouth) found in some later 
specimens from the Chilka Lake, and remarks thereon, see the Introductory section. 
In both the caecal and the sucker-like condition of the pharynx a stout band or 
bands of muscular fibres were seen passing downwards and backwards from the 
pharynx to the ventral body wall, in addition to the numerous bands, universal in the 
Oligochaeta, which pass upwards and backwards to the dorsal parietes (c/. F ridericia 
carmichaeli, inf.). With this band the anterior prolongation of the septal glands 
towards the pharynx (supposed ductules of the septal gland-cells) unite. 
The oesophagus certainly passes into the intestine without sudden change, as 
noted in the previous description; but this seems to take place in segment xi or xiü 
