1015.] J. STEPHENSON: Indian Oligochaeta. 95 
The female aperture or apertures were not seen. 
The spermathecal apertures are minute and close to the middle line, in grooves 
7/8 and 8/0. 
Internal anatomy.—Septum 5/6, the first, is extremely delicate, 6/7 is also delicate, 
7/8 slightly and 8/9—11/12 moderately thickened, 12/13 and 13/14 again slightly 
thickened. 
The gizzard, well developed and barrel-shaped, is in segment vi; it is preceded by 
a dark, soft-walled, dilated and crop-like portion of the oesophagus There are no 
calcareous glands. The intestine begins in xv. 
-The last heart is in xiii. 
The excretory system is micronephridial; but its peculiarities merit a short des- 
cription. In each segment the nephridia,—one might almost say the nephridium ,— 
appear on either side as a bushy tuft attached by a narrow base, as numerous twigs 
springing from a common stem, or sometimes radiating from a common centre. The 
tufts of successive segments form a regular longitudinal series; there is no connection 
with the septa. The tufts begin in front just behind the pharynx, where they are 
large structures lying at the sides of the oesophagus, between the successive cone- 
shaped septa. Some distance behind the clitellum it may be possible to distinguish a 
dorsally (laterally as the parts lie in the dissection) directed loop which is rather larger 
than the rest; towards the posterior end this loop gains an increased prominence, 
but it still has no attachment to the septum; no funnel could be seen microscopically 
in tufts from either anterior or posterior regions, but I can scarcely regard this 
observation as conclusive. 
Testes and funnels are free in x and xi; seminal vesicles, small, lobed and flat- 
tened, in ix and xii, on the posterior and anterior walls of these segments respectively. 
The prostates are small, flattened, confined to xviii, the margin lobed; the duct 
was not visible as a separate structure. 
The ovaries are in the usual situation. 
The spermathecae are small, and probably not fully developed ; they are situated 
close by the side of the nerve cord in segments viii and ix; the ampulla is ovoid, and 
no duct is distinguishable; the diverticulum, half as long as the main pouch, arises 
with the latter from a common base on the parietes. 
The penial setae (figs. 30,31) are characteristic. They are 1°3 mm. in length as 
measured along the base of the arc, and 224 in diameter. ‘The shaft is bent to form 
a bow and it tapers towards the distal end, the tip being slightly recurved. On each 
side of the tip is a row of straight stout teeth, arranged like the pinnae of a fern; 
the longer of the teeth are fully 204 long and 5—6. in breadth. The number of 
teeth on each side is from 8 to 16; the smallest number was found in a seta in which 
the tip was free from the sac (fig. 30), the largest in a very young seta, where only 
this portion had been formed (fig. 31). | 
Remarks.—The specimens were probably not fully mature, and the description of 
the spermathecae, and perhaps the prostate, may prove to be defective. The curious 
penial setae, which will permit recognition of the species, and the interesting nephri- 
