1910.] E. VREDENBURG : Geological History of Turbinella. 125 
descendance did not take place through its Indian miocene mutations. The genus 
did not survive into the miocene of Europe." In the miocene of India, Turbinella 
ebisoma was succeeded by three related ‘‘ mutations,’’ Turbinella affinis, Turbinella 
preovoidea, and finally Turbinella ovordea, which latter spread eastwards as far as 
the West Indies. The latter species has survived to the present day along the 
coasts of Brazil, while, in India, at the end of the Miocene or beginning of the 
Pliocene, it was superseded by the totally different Turbinella pirum. 
! As noticed by Bellardi (Moll. terr. terz. Piem. e Lig., IV, p. 53) the attribution of a fragment of 
Turbinella to the Pliocene of Asti is probably due to an error of labelling. 
