CERTAIN ABORIGINAL MOUNDS OF THE GEORGIA COAST. 19 



Scattered fragments belonging to two earthenware tobacco pipes were recovered 

 some little distance apart, and subsequently reunited as shown in Figs. 10 and 

 11. One is still coated interiorly with carbonized material, probably tobacco. 

 Tobacco pipes of this type are figured by the late C. C. Jones as coming from a 

 mound on Colonel's Island on the Georgia coast. 1 



With various burials were five drinking cups of shell (Fulgnr perversum), two 

 imperforate, three having round and even perforations in the base. These holes 

 were much more carefully made than those made by roughly knocking out a portion, 

 so frequently found in the Florida mounds. This perforation, the reader will recall 

 was an aboriginal custom obtaining in Florida though not universally practised. 

 It is supposed to have been done to " kill " the vessel, thus freeing its soul to accom- 

 pany that of the departed into the other world. We have found no perforation of 

 shell drinking cups north of Darien. 



Shell beads were not numerous and were present in but two cases. 



Near the margin, together, were seven fresh-water mussel shells ([/mo Cuvieri- 

 anus, Lea 2 ) and nearby, a number of marine shells (Littorina irrorata 2 ). These 

 apparently, were not in the neighborhood of human remains. 



Ten inches below the present surface of the mound was a beautifully polished 

 little hatchet of plutonic rock, 3 apparently unassociated. Another larger hatchet 

 was found superficially. Several pebbles lay with burials or loose in the sand. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Beneath the base of the mound, with human remains, was the lower portion 

 of the femur of a bear, evidently separated by a cutting tool. 



In a portion of the trench made previous to our investigation, which had been 

 partially filled, were various objects of recent manufacture : a rusty pocket knife ; 

 a fragment of glass ; the head of an iron hammer ; an iron ring, etc. A hasty or 

 unscrupulous investigator could easily refer these objects to the period of construc- 

 tion of the mound. 



Mound C. In the same field, about 300 feet east of Mound A, was a mound 

 2 feet 9 inches in height. Its diameter of base was 34 feet. 



A small and superficial trench had previously been made through a portion of it. 



The mound was completely dug through. 



Seven entire skeletons were met with in addition to a few loose bones disturbed 

 by the makers of the previously mentioned trench. All skeletons were apparently 

 lying flexed on the side, and all but one were buried with coverings of bark or wood 



1 C. C. Jones, " Antiquities of the Southern Indians." 



2 Identified by Prof. H. A. Pilsbry. 



" We are indebted to Dr. E. Goldsmith for determinations of rock, included in this report. 



